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millepertuis bor é al, northern bog St. John's-wort, northern St. John's-wort
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Herbs, annual or perennial (stems and leaves glabrous except 43. H. setosum); black glands absent. |
Herbs annual or perennial, erect, with decumbent to prostrate, rooting base, usually 2–6-branched, branches spreading or ascending distal to middle, 0.9–3.3 dm. |
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internodes 4-angled, apical internode shorter than adjacent one or almost absent. |
deciduous (base articulated) or persistent (base not articulated). |
spreading, sessile; blade (concolor), broadly to narrowly oblong or elliptic to oblanceolate or round, 5–15 × 2–5 mm, papery to membranous, margins plane, apex rounded, basal veins 3–5, midrib branched or not. |
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cylindric to rounded-pyramidal, 1–13-flowered, branching mostly dichasial; bracts not linear-subulate. |
3–15 mm diam.; sepals persistent, (4–)5; petals persistent, (4–)5; stamens persistent, (5–)10–80, usually in continuous or interrupted ring, sometimes in 5 barely discernable fascicles, each of 1–2 stamens; ovary (2–)3(–4)-merous; placentation parietal; styles ± spreading, bases distinct; stigmas capitate or clavate. |
3–5 mm diam.; sepals usually lanceolate to narrowly oblong, rarely oblanceolate, equal, 2.5 × 0.8–1 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex rounded; petals pale yellow, oblong, 1.7–3.5 mm; stamens 5–16, scarcely grouped; styles 0.5 mm; stigmas broadly capitate. |
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narrowly ovoid to cylindric-ellipsoid, 4–5 × 2–2.5 mm, usually broadest at or near middle. |
not carinate. |
0.4–0.7 mm; testa finely linear-scalariform. |
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= 16 [“18”]. |
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Flowering summer–early fall (Jul–Sep). |
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Bogs, poor fens, lake margins, marshes |
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0–500 m [0–1600 ft] |
North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Africa; Asia; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia |
CT; DE; IA; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; OR; PA; RI; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM |
Species 148 (16 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Where Hypericum boreale grows submerged, the plants are almost always sterile with elongated stems and suborbiculate leaves (H. boreale forma callitrichoides Fassett). Such plants intergrade shorewards with typical H. boreale (F. H. Utech and H. H. Iltis 1970). All other chromosome counts for H. mutilum and its near relatives have given n = 8; B. M. Kapoor’s (1972) count of 2n = 18 must be treated with reserve. Hypericum mutile var. boreale (Britton) E. P. Bicknell is not a validly published name. The discovery of Hypericum boreale near the mouth of Fraser River at Vancouver in 1989 extends the distribution of this species across Canada almost to the Pacific coast; this occurrence is almost certainly the result of recent introduction. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
1. Herbs annual, wiry; inflorescences: branching mostly monochasial | → 2 |
1. Herbs annual or perennial, not wiry; inflorescences: branching mostly dichasial | → 3 |
2. Leaf blades linear or linear-subulate to linear-lanceolate, 5–22 mm, margins recurved to revolute; sepals 3–7 mm; capsule lengths 1–1.2 times sepals. | H. drummondii |
2. Leaf blades narrowly triangular-subulate to linear-subulate, scalelike, 1–4 mm, margins incurved; sepals 1.5–2.5 mm; capsule lengths 2–2.7 times sepals. | H. gentianoides |
3. Stems and leaves scabrous-tomentose to pilose; sepal margins setulose-ciliate. | H. setosum |
3. Stems and leaves glabrous; sepal margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate | → 4 |
4. Leaf blades linear-subulate, 0.2–0.3 mm wide, basal veins 1, midrib unbranched. | H. cumulicola |
4. Leaf blades not linear-subulate, (0.5–)2–18 mm wide, basal veins 1–7, midrib with 0–4 pairs of branches | → 5 |
5. Leaf blades leathery; petals golden yellow or orange-yellow; stamens (35–) 50–80 | → 6 |
5. Leaf blades papery to membranous; petals usually bright, golden, or pale yellow, rarely salmon-orange; stamens 5–25 | → 11 |
6. Leaf blades linear-oblong or linear-lanceolate to linear, 0.5–2 mm wide; petals red tinged; stamens 35–50; styles 2.5–5 mm | H. paucifolium |
6. Leaf blades elliptic, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, oblong-elliptic, obovate, or ovate, 3–18 mm wide; petals not red tinged; stamens 50–80; styles 2–4 mm | → 7 |
7. Herbs erect or ± spreading, non-aerenchymatous at base; leaves (main stems) longer than internodes | → 8 |
7. Herbs erect to ascending, usually ± aerenchymatous (spongiform-thickened) at base; leaves (main stems) mostly shorter than internodes (usually longer in. 31 H. harperi). | → 9 |
8. Leaf blades (main stem) lanceolate to oblong-elliptic or obovate, 10–30(–50) mm, apex usually acute to acuminate, rarely obtuse; subsidiary inflorescence branches with or without relatively smaller leaves. | H. virgatum |
8. Leaf blades (main stem) narrowly lanceolate, 10–40(–55) mm, apex acute to acuminate; subsidiary inflorescence branches with relatively smaller leaves. | H. radfordiorum |
9. Herbs 2–7 dm; leaf blades (main stem) usually broadly to narrowly ovate, rarely elliptic or lanceolate. | H. denticulatum |
9. Herbs 3–12 dm; leaf blades (main stem) usually lanceolate, sometimes linear-lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, rarely elliptic or ovate | → 10 |
10. Herbs erect to ascending, branching at base and in inflorescence; leaves strongly ascending to appressed, shorter than internodes, smaller distally. | H. erythreae |
10. Herbs erect, branching (from long-creeping rhizomes) at base and from mid and distal nodes; leaves ascending to deflexed, mostly longer than internodes, not or scarcely smaller distally. | H. harperi |
11. Herbs decumbent to ascending, forming loose mats; stigmas scarcely capitate. | H. anagalloides |
11. Herbs usually erect, not forming loose mats; stigmas broadly capitate | → 12 |
12. Leaf blades lanceolate, linear, narrowly elliptic, narrowly oblong-elliptic, oblanceolate, oblanceolate-linear, or obovate; capsules broadest proximal to middle | → 13 |
12. Leaf blades usually elliptic, oblong, broadly oblong-elliptic, ovate, ovate-triangular, round, or suborbiculate, rarely lanceolate; capsules usually broadest at or near middle | → 14 |
13. Leaf blades lanceolate, narrowly oblong-elliptic, or oblanceolate, (2–)6–12 mm wide, basal veins (3–)5–7; inflorescences usually compact. | H. majus |
13. Leaf blades linear to oblanceolate-linear or (proximal) oblanceolate to obovate, 0.5–5.5 mm wide, basal veins 1–3(–5); inflorescences usually diffuse. | H. canadense |
14. Leaf blades (mid and distal) lanceolate-deltate, apex usually subacute; capsules narrowly conic-ellipsoid. | H. gymnanthum |
14. Leaf blades (mid and distal) elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate, oblong, round, suborbiculate, or ovate, apex obtuse to rounded; capsules narrowly ovoid to cylindric-ellipsoid | → 15 |
15. Leaf blades bicolor, paler abaxially; inflorescences: bracts linear-subulate. | H. mutilum |
15. Leaf blades concolor; inflorescences: bracts not linear-subulate. | H. boreale |
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FNA vol. 6, p. 88. |
FNA vol. 6, p. 94. Treatment author: Norman K. B. Robson. |
Hypericaceae > Hypericum |
Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Brathys |
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H. adpressum, H. anagalloides, H. apocynifolium, H. ascyron, H. brachyphyllum, H. buckleyi, H. canadense, H. canariense, H. chapmanii, H. cistifolium, H. concinnum, H. crux-andreae, H. cumulicola, H. densiflorum, H. denticulatum, H. dolabriforme, H. drummondii, H. edisonianum, H. ellipticum, H. erythreae, H. fasciculatum, H. frondosum, H. galioides, H. gentianoides, H. graveolens, H. gymnanthum, H. harperi, H. hypericoides, H. kalmianum, H. lissophloeus, H. lloydii, H. lobocarpum, H. maculatum, H. majus, H. microsepalum, H. mutilum, H. myrtifolium, H. nitidum, H. nudiflorum, H. paucifolium, H. perforatum, H. prolificum, H. pseudomaculatum, H. punctatum, H. radfordiorum, H. scouleri, H. setosum, H. sphaerocarpum, H. suffruticosum, H. tenuifolium, H. tetrapetalum, H. virgatum, H. ×mitchellianum |
H. anagalloides, H. boreale, H. canadense, H. cumulicola, H. denticulatum, H. drummondii, H. erythreae, H. gentianoides, H. gymnanthum, H. harperi, H. majus, H. mutilum, H. paucifolium, H. radfordiorum, H. setosum, H. virgatum |
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section Brathys, H. section Brathys, H. section Spachium, H. subsection Spachium, H. section Trigynobrathys, Sarothra section Trigynobrathys |
H. canadense var. boreale, H. mutilum subsp. boreale, Sarothra borealis |
unknown |
(Britton) E. P. Bicknell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 213. (1895) |
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