Hypericum punctatum |
Hypericum canariense |
|
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spotted St. John's-wort |
Canary Island st john's wort, Canary Islands St. John's wort |
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Habit | Herbs erect to ascending, with rarely rooting, branching base, 1.3–10.5 dm. | Shrubs erect, bushy, 10–50 dm. |
Stems | clustered, internodes not lined, with black glands scattered all over. |
internodes 4-lined at first, then terete. |
Leaves | spreading or ascending, usually sessile, rarely petiolate (to 1 mm); blade elliptic or oblong to lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, or oblanceolate, 14–40(–58) × 3–17(–22.5) mm, base cordate to narrowly cuneate, margins plane, apex usually rounded to retuse, rarely acute to obtuse, midrib with 3–5 pairs of branches, tertiary veins densely reticulate toward margins, black glands intramarginal (dense) and laminar (scattered). |
spreading, sessile; blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-oblong, 20–70 × 5–15 mm, (proximal usually narrower), base narrowly cuneate to subangustate, margins plane, apex acute to apiculate-obtuse, midrib with 8–12 pairs of branches, tertiary veins densely reticulate toward margins. |
Inflorescences | subcorymbiform to cylindric, 10–206(–600)-flowered, subsidiary branches narrowly ascending to curved-ascending. |
broadly rounded-pyramidal to broadly cylindric, to 30-flowered. |
Flowers | 8–15 mm diam.; sepals not imbricate, erect in fruit, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate to elliptic or ovate-elliptic, subequal, (1.5–)2–4 × 0.8–1.6 mm, apex acute to rounded; petals pale yellow, oblanceolate to elliptic, 3–6(–9) mm; stamens (20–)30–60; anther gland black; styles 1–4 mm. |
sepals lanceolate, unequal, 3–4.5 × 1–2.2 mm; petals bright yellow, not red-tinged, oblanceolate-unguiculate, 12–17 mm; anther gland yellow to orange; styles widely spreading, 8–14 mm. |
Capsules | ovoid to subglobose, 2.5–6 × 2–3.5(–4) mm, with longitudinal vittae or elongate to ovoid vesicles. |
pyramidal-ovoid to ovoid-ellipsoid, 9–12 × 7–8 mm. |
Seeds | not carinate, 0.5–0.7 mm; testa linear-reticulate. |
1.5–2 mm, narrowly winged; testa linear-reticulate to linear-foveolate. |
2n | = 14, 16. |
= 40. |
Hypericum punctatum |
Hypericum canariense |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer (May–Sep). | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Open or slightly shaded, dry to marshy habitats | Disturbed sites |
Elevation | 50–1200 m (200–3900 ft) | 20–500 m (100–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NF; NS; ON; QC
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CA; Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands, Madeira) [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Hypericum punctatum has been confused with H. pseudomaculatum; it can almost always be distinguished by style length and anther gland (black in H. punctatum, amber or pellucid in H. pseudomaculatum). D. E. Culwell’s (1970) record of one specimen of the latter from Missouri with a black anther gland could refer to a hybrid; he and other authors agree that such plants are rare, despite the considerable overlap in distribution of these species. Culwell remarked on the unexpected fecundity of the experimentally produced cross H. graveolens × punctatum but nowhere compared the resulting plants with H. ×mitchellianum, a probable hybrid with that parentage (see discussion under H. ×mitchellianum. Both H. punctatum and H. ×mitchellianum (but not H. graveolens) display a ring of 16 chromosomes at meiosis, and Culwell suggested that this phenomenon may imply some degree of pseudogamy in the group. C. R. Bell (1965) recorded n = 7 chromosomes for this species; his illustration shows n = 8. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hypericum canariense is established at Montecito and Santa Barbara in the hills (P. A. Munz 1974) and along the coast north of Santa Cruz to San Francisco, at locations in Orange and San Mateo counties, and in the San Diego coast region. The description above agrees with that for Hypericum floribundum regarding sepals lanceolate and acute; in typical H. canariense they are oblong-spatulate and rounded. The variation is continuous; only one species is recognized here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 101. | FNA vol. 6, p. 96. |
Parent taxa | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Hypericum | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Webbia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. maculatum var. corymbosum, H. maculatum var. heterophyllum, H. maculatum var. subcordifolium, H. maculatum var. subpetiolatum, H. micranthum, H. subpetiolatum | H. floribundum, Webbia canariensis, W. floribunda |
Name authority | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 4: 164. (1797) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 784. (1753) |
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