Hypericum pseudomaculatum |
Hypericum prolificum |
|
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false spotted St. Johnswort |
shrubby St. John's-wort |
|
Habit | Herbs erect or ascending to divaricate, with rooting, sometimes creeping, branching base, 4–9.5 dm. | Shrubs, erect or ± diffuse, forming rounded or irregular bush, (2–)7.5–15(–20) dm. |
Stems | sometimes clustered, internodes not lined, with black glands scattered all over. |
internodes 4-lined at first, then 2-lined to terete. |
Leaves | usually ascending, sometimes spreading, sessile; blade usually ovate-lanceolate to triangular-lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, rarely ovate, 18–45 × 6–16(–20) mm, base cordate to rounded, margins plane, apex usually acute, rarely obtuse to rounded, midrib with 3–4 pairs of branches, tertiary veins densely reticulate toward margins, black glands intramarginal (dense) and laminar (scattered). |
blades narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate, 30–70 × 6–15 mm, base articulated, attenuate to narrowly cuneate, margins plane to recurved, apex rounded-apiculate to acute, midrib with 10–16 pairs of branches. |
Inflorescences | subcorymbiform to broadly pyramidal, 16–164(–280)-flowered, subsidiary branches ascending to widely spreading. |
cylindric, (1–)3–7(–9)-flowered from apical node, with paired single flowers or triads or 1–3(–7)-flowered branches from 2+ proximal nodes. |
Flowers | 10–20 mm diam.; sepals not imbricate, erect in fruit, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic-oblong, subequal, (3–)3.7–4.9(–6) mm, apex acute; petals yellow, usually obovate, rarely elliptic, 6–14 mm; stamens 38–61; anther gland amber or pellucid; styles 5.4–8.5 mm. |
15–30 mm diam.; sepals deciduous, not enclosing capsule, 5, elliptic to obovate or oblanceolate-spatulate, unequal or subequal, 4–8 × 1.5–4 mm; petals 5, golden yellow, obovate to oblanceolate-spatulate, 7–15 mm; stamens deciduous, 150–500; ovary 3(–5)-merous, placentation incompletely axile. |
Capsules | broadly ovoid, 3–6 × 2–4 mm, with longitudinal and lateral vittae or vesicles or only ovoid vesicles (all amber). |
usually narrowly ovoid-conic to ovoid, rarely ellipsoid, 7–13 × 4–7 mm. |
Seeds | not or scarcely carinate, 0.6–0.8 mm; testa linear-reticulate. |
carinate, 1.5–2 mm; testa linear-reticulate. |
2n | = 16. |
= 18. |
Hypericum pseudomaculatum |
Hypericum prolificum |
|
Phenology | Flowering mid summer (Jun–Jul). | Flowering summer (Jun–Sep). |
Habitat | Open and partially shaded, dry areas of woods, among rocks, fields, roadsides, well-drained soil | Rocky slopes, embankments, dry stream bottoms, woodland (in north), on limestone or granite |
Elevation | 100–700 m (300–2300 ft) | 50–600+ m (200–2000+ ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; LA; MO; MS; OK; SC; TN; TX
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AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON
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Discussion | Hypericum pseudomaculatum has been confused with H. punctatum; they are quite distinct and they rarely, if ever, hybridize. The affinities of H. pseudomaculatum are with Mexican H. formosum Kunth. J. A. Steyermark (1963) recognized two distinct floral forms in Missouri: forma pseudomaculatum with orange-yellow petals and stamen filaments, and forma flavidum in which these parts are pale, creamy yellow. The distribution of these two forms within the whole range of the species is unknown. Hypericum elatum Aiton (a synonym of H. ×inodorum Miller = H. androsaemum Linnaeus × hircinum Linnaeus) was wrongly cited as from North America by Aiton and was not conclusively recognized as an Old World taxon until J. M. Coulter (1886) published his account of North American Hypericum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hypericum prolificum is variable, the most luxuriant form being found in the southwestern part of its range. Natural hybrids have not been recorded; it hybridizes in gardens with H. densiflorum (H. x\arnoldianum Rehder), H. frondosum, H. kalmianum, and H. lobocarpum (H. x\dawsonianum Rehder). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 102. | FNA vol. 6, p. 76. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. punctatum var. pseudomaculatum | Brathys prolifica, H. spathulatum, Myriandra ledifolia, M. prolifica, M. prolifica var. spathulata, M. spathulata |
Name authority | Bush ex Britton: Man. Fl. N. States, 627. (1901) | Linnaeus: Mant. Pl. 1: 106. (1767) |
Web links |