Hypericum pseudomaculatum |
Hypericum denticulatum |
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false spotted St. Johnswort |
coppery St. John's wort |
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Habit | Herbs erect or ascending to divaricate, with rooting, sometimes creeping, branching base, 4–9.5 dm. | Herbs perennial, erect, branching at usually aerenchymatous base and in inflorescence, 2–7 dm. |
Stems | sometimes clustered, internodes not lined, with black glands scattered all over. |
internodes 4-lined. |
Leaves | usually ascending, sometimes spreading, sessile; blade usually ovate-lanceolate to triangular-lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, rarely ovate, 18–45 × 6–16(–20) mm, base cordate to rounded, margins plane, apex usually acute, rarely obtuse to rounded, midrib with 3–4 pairs of branches, tertiary veins densely reticulate toward margins, black glands intramarginal (dense) and laminar (scattered). |
(main stem) spreading to appressed, sessile; blade usually broadly to narrowly ovate, rarely elliptic or lanceolate, 4–20 × 5–15(–18) mm, mostly shorter than internodes, leathery, margins plane, apex acute to subrounded, densely gland-dotted, basal veins 1–5, if 1, midrib with 2–3 pairs of branches. |
Inflorescences | subcorymbiform to broadly pyramidal, 16–164(–280)-flowered, subsidiary branches ascending to widely spreading. |
broadly pyramidal to corymbiform, to 25-flowered, branching mostly dichasial. |
Flowers | 10–20 mm diam.; sepals not imbricate, erect in fruit, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic-oblong, subequal, (3–)3.7–4.9(–6) mm, apex acute; petals yellow, usually obovate, rarely elliptic, 6–14 mm; stamens 38–61; anther gland amber or pellucid; styles 5.4–8.5 mm. |
5–13 mm diam.; sepals ovate or lanceolate to elliptic or obovate, subequal, 3–8 × 1.5–4 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex acute; petals orange-yellow, obovate, 5–10 mm; stamens 50–80, irregularly grouped; styles 2–4 mm; stigmas clavate. |
Capsules | broadly ovoid, 3–6 × 2–4 mm, with longitudinal and lateral vittae or vesicles or only ovoid vesicles (all amber). |
ovoid to rostrate-subglobose, 3–5 × 2–3 mm. |
Seeds | not or scarcely carinate, 0.6–0.8 mm; testa linear-reticulate. |
0.4–0.7 mm; testa obscurely linear-reticulate to finely ribbed-scalariform. |
2n | = 16. |
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Hypericum pseudomaculatum |
Hypericum denticulatum |
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Phenology | Flowering mid summer (Jun–Jul). | Flowering summer–early fall (Jun–Sep). |
Habitat | Open and partially shaded, dry areas of woods, among rocks, fields, roadsides, well-drained soil | Wet woods, marshes, bogs |
Elevation | 100–700 m (300–2300 ft) | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; LA; MO; MS; OK; SC; TN; TX
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AL; DE; GA; NC; NJ; NY; PA; SC; TN; VA
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Discussion | Hypericum pseudomaculatum has been confused with H. punctatum; they are quite distinct and they rarely, if ever, hybridize. The affinities of H. pseudomaculatum are with Mexican H. formosum Kunth. J. A. Steyermark (1963) recognized two distinct floral forms in Missouri: forma pseudomaculatum with orange-yellow petals and stamen filaments, and forma flavidum in which these parts are pale, creamy yellow. The distribution of these two forms within the whole range of the species is unknown. Hypericum elatum Aiton (a synonym of H. ×inodorum Miller = H. androsaemum Linnaeus × hircinum Linnaeus) was wrongly cited as from North America by Aiton and was not conclusively recognized as an Old World taxon until J. M. Coulter (1886) published his account of North American Hypericum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
D. H. Webb (1980) regarded the disjunct populations in North Carolina and Tennessee as possible relicts and the Alabama one as due to recent introduction. J. R. Allison (2011) agreed and, in his opinion, the Pennsylvania and Virginia records are historical, and Hypericum denticulatum is likely adventive in Georgia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 102. | FNA vol. 6, p. 89. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. punctatum var. pseudomaculatum | H. angulosum, H. denticulatum var. ovalifolium, H. laevigatum, H. virgatum var. ovalifolium |
Name authority | Bush ex Britton: Man. Fl. N. States, 627. (1901) | Walter: Fl. Carol., 190. (1788) |
Web links |