Hypericum pseudomaculatum |
Hypericum apocynifolium |
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false spotted St. Johnswort |
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Habit | Herbs erect or ascending to divaricate, with rooting, sometimes creeping, branching base, 4–9.5 dm. | Shrubs, erect, branches ascending, 4–7 dm. |
Stems | sometimes clustered, internodes not lined, with black glands scattered all over. |
internodes narrowly 4-winged at first, then 2-lined. |
Leaves | usually ascending, sometimes spreading, sessile; blade usually ovate-lanceolate to triangular-lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, rarely ovate, 18–45 × 6–16(–20) mm, base cordate to rounded, margins plane, apex usually acute, rarely obtuse to rounded, midrib with 3–4 pairs of branches, tertiary veins densely reticulate toward margins, black glands intramarginal (dense) and laminar (scattered). |
blades oblong to elliptic-oblong, 20–40 × 12–20 mm, base not articulated, broadly cuneate, margins usually plane, rarely recurved, apex rounded to retuse, midrib with 6 pairs of branches. |
Inflorescences | subcorymbiform to broadly pyramidal, 16–164(–280)-flowered, subsidiary branches ascending to widely spreading. |
terminal (1–)3–5(–8)-flowered, narrowly branched. |
Flowers | 10–20 mm diam.; sepals not imbricate, erect in fruit, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic-oblong, subequal, (3–)3.7–4.9(–6) mm, apex acute; petals yellow, usually obovate, rarely elliptic, 6–14 mm; stamens 38–61; anther gland amber or pellucid; styles 5.4–8.5 mm. |
15 mm diam.; sepals tardily deciduous, not enclosing capsule, 5, spatulate to elliptic or ovate, unequal, 3–5 × 1.5–2.3 mm; petals 5, coppery yellow, oblong, 8–10 mm length 2 times sepals; stamens deciduous, 60–80; ovary 3-merous, placentation incompletely axile. |
Capsules | broadly ovoid, 3–6 × 2–4 mm, with longitudinal and lateral vittae or vesicles or only ovoid vesicles (all amber). |
cylindric-conic, 6–15 × 4.5–8 mm. |
Seeds | not or scarcely carinate, 0.6–0.8 mm; testa linear-reticulate. |
scarcely carinate, 1.8–2 mm; testa finely scalariform-reticulate. |
2n | = 16. |
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Hypericum pseudomaculatum |
Hypericum apocynifolium |
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Phenology | Flowering mid summer (Jun–Jul). | Flowering summer (Jun). |
Habitat | Open and partially shaded, dry areas of woods, among rocks, fields, roadsides, well-drained soil | Stream banks and moist woods, coastal plain and inland valleys |
Elevation | 100–700 m (300–2300 ft) | 10–500 m (0–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; LA; MO; MS; OK; SC; TN; TX
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AR; FL; LA; OK; TX |
Discussion | Hypericum pseudomaculatum has been confused with H. punctatum; they are quite distinct and they rarely, if ever, hybridize. The affinities of H. pseudomaculatum are with Mexican H. formosum Kunth. J. A. Steyermark (1963) recognized two distinct floral forms in Missouri: forma pseudomaculatum with orange-yellow petals and stamen filaments, and forma flavidum in which these parts are pale, creamy yellow. The distribution of these two forms within the whole range of the species is unknown. Hypericum elatum Aiton (a synonym of H. ×inodorum Miller = H. androsaemum Linnaeus × hircinum Linnaeus) was wrongly cited as from North America by Aiton and was not conclusively recognized as an Old World taxon until J. M. Coulter (1886) published his account of North American Hypericum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hypericum apocynifolium has been included in H. nudiflorum; it can be distinguished from the latter by the fewer, larger flowers with relatively longer, persistent sepals, the larger, thicker-walled capsules, and the seeds, which are ridged and straight rather than carinate and curved. A record from Georgia in the Flint River drainage has not been verified. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 102. | FNA vol. 6, p. 82. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. punctatum var. pseudomaculatum | |
Name authority | Bush ex Britton: Man. Fl. N. States, 627. (1901) | Small: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 616. (1898) |
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