Flora of North America species comparison

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Hypericum mutilum subsp. mutilum

Hypericum sect. Brathys
Photo is of parent taxon

dwarf st john's wort, millepertuis nain, small Canadian St. John's-wort
Habit Herbs, annual or perennial (stems and leaves glabrous except 43. H. setosum); black glands absent.
Stems

apical internode shorter than adjacent one or almost absent.

Leaves

blades variable, rarely broadly ovate or suborbiculate.

deciduous (base articulated) or persistent (base not articulated).
Inflorescences

branching from 2–10 nodes, mostly dichasial.

Flowers

3–15 mm diam.;

sepals persistent, (4–)5;

petals persistent, (4–)5;

stamens persistent, (5–)10–80, usually in continuous or interrupted ring, sometimes in 5 barely discernable fascicles, each of 1–2 stamens;

ovary (2–)3(–4)-merous;

placentation parietal;

styles ± spreading, bases distinct;

stigmas capitate or clavate.
Seeds

not carinate.
Sepals

not imbricate or broader beyond middle or, if imbricate, leaves not broadly ovate to suborbiculate.

2n

= 16.

Hypericum mutilum subsp. mutilum

Hypericum sect. Brathys
Phenology Flowering summer–fall (Jun–Oct).
Habitat Ditches, marshes, lake margins, desiccated temporary pools
Elevation 0–400 m (0–1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK [Widely introduced in Central America, South America, Europe, Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Zealand)]
North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Africa; Asia; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia
Discussion

The records of subsp. mutilum from British Columbia and Saskatchewan and from California, Colorado, Oregon, and Utah (no details seen) are almost certainly all the result of introduction, as may be some other peripheral records.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species 148 (16 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Herbs annual, wiry; inflorescences: branching mostly monochasial
→ 2
1. Herbs annual or perennial, not wiry; inflorescences: branching mostly dichasial
→ 3
2. Leaf blades linear or linear-subulate to linear-lanceolate, 5–22 mm, margins recurved to revolute; sepals 3–7 mm; capsule lengths 1–1.2 times sepals.
H. drummondii
2. Leaf blades narrowly triangular-subulate to linear-subulate, scalelike, 1–4 mm, margins incurved; sepals 1.5–2.5 mm; capsule lengths 2–2.7 times sepals.
H. gentianoides
3. Stems and leaves scabrous-tomentose to pilose; sepal margins setulose-ciliate.
H. setosum
3. Stems and leaves glabrous; sepal margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate
→ 4
4. Leaf blades linear-subulate, 0.2–0.3 mm wide, basal veins 1, midrib unbranched.
H. cumulicola
4. Leaf blades not linear-subulate, (0.5–)2–18 mm wide, basal veins 1–7, midrib with 0–4 pairs of branches
→ 5
5. Leaf blades leathery; petals golden yellow or orange-yellow; stamens (35–) 50–80
→ 6
5. Leaf blades papery to membranous; petals usually bright, golden, or pale yellow, rarely salmon-orange; stamens 5–25
→ 11
6. Leaf blades linear-oblong or linear-lanceolate to linear, 0.5–2 mm wide; petals red tinged; stamens 35–50; styles 2.5–5 mm
H. paucifolium
6. Leaf blades elliptic, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, oblong-elliptic, obovate, or ovate, 3–18 mm wide; petals not red tinged; stamens 50–80; styles 2–4 mm
→ 7
7. Herbs erect or ± spreading, non-aerenchymatous at base; leaves (main stems) longer than internodes
→ 8
7. Herbs erect to ascending, usually ± aerenchymatous (spongiform-thickened) at base; leaves (main stems) mostly shorter than internodes (usually longer in. 31 H. harperi).
→ 9
8. Leaf blades (main stem) lanceolate to oblong-elliptic or obovate, 10–30(–50) mm, apex usually acute to acuminate, rarely obtuse; subsidiary inflorescence branches with or without relatively smaller leaves.
H. virgatum
8. Leaf blades (main stem) narrowly lanceolate, 10–40(–55) mm, apex acute to acuminate; subsidiary inflorescence branches with relatively smaller leaves.
H. radfordiorum
9. Herbs 2–7 dm; leaf blades (main stem) usually broadly to narrowly ovate, rarely elliptic or lanceolate.
H. denticulatum
9. Herbs 3–12 dm; leaf blades (main stem) usually lanceolate, sometimes linear-lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, rarely elliptic or ovate
→ 10
10. Herbs erect to ascending, branching at base and in inflorescence; leaves strongly ascending to appressed, shorter than internodes, smaller distally.
H. erythreae
10. Herbs erect, branching (from long-creeping rhizomes) at base and from mid and distal nodes; leaves ascending to deflexed, mostly longer than internodes, not or scarcely smaller distally.
H. harperi
11. Herbs decumbent to ascending, forming loose mats; stigmas scarcely capitate.
H. anagalloides
11. Herbs usually erect, not forming loose mats; stigmas broadly capitate
→ 12
12. Leaf blades lanceolate, linear, narrowly elliptic, narrowly oblong-elliptic, oblanceolate, oblanceolate-linear, or obovate; capsules broadest proximal to middle
→ 13
12. Leaf blades usually elliptic, oblong, broadly oblong-elliptic, ovate, ovate-triangular, round, or suborbiculate, rarely lanceolate; capsules usually broadest at or near middle
→ 14
13. Leaf blades lanceolate, narrowly oblong-elliptic, or oblanceolate, (2–)6–12 mm wide, basal veins (3–)5–7; inflorescences usually compact.
H. majus
13. Leaf blades linear to oblanceolate-linear or (proximal) oblanceolate to obovate, 0.5–5.5 mm wide, basal veins 1–3(–5); inflorescences usually diffuse.
H. canadense
14. Leaf blades (mid and distal) lanceolate-deltate, apex usually subacute; capsules narrowly conic-ellipsoid.
H. gymnanthum
14. Leaf blades (mid and distal) elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate, oblong, round, suborbiculate, or ovate, apex obtuse to rounded; capsules narrowly ovoid to cylindric-ellipsoid
→ 15
15. Leaf blades bicolor, paler abaxially; inflorescences: bracts linear-subulate.
H. mutilum
15. Leaf blades concolor; inflorescences: bracts not linear-subulate.
H. boreale
Source FNA vol. 6, p. 94. FNA vol. 6, p. 88.
Parent taxa Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Brathys > Hypericum mutilum Hypericaceae > Hypericum
Sibling taxa
H. mutilum subsp. latisepalum
Subordinate taxa
H. anagalloides, H. boreale, H. canadense, H. cumulicola, H. denticulatum, H. drummondii, H. erythreae, H. gentianoides, H. gymnanthum, H. harperi, H. majus, H. mutilum, H. paucifolium, H. radfordiorum, H. setosum, H. virgatum
Synonyms Brathys euphorbioides, B. quinquenervia, H. euphorbioides, H. mutilum var. densiflorum, H. mutilum var. foliosissimum, H. mutilum var. minimum, H. mutilum var. parviflorum, H. quinquenervium section Brathys, H. section Brathys, H. section Spachium, H. subsection Spachium, H. section Trigynobrathys, Sarothra section Trigynobrathys
Name authority unknown unknown
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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