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flatwoods St. Johnswort

claspingleaf St. Johnswort, small-flower St. John's wort

Habit Shrubs, erect to ascending, bushy, with ± numerous, sometimes straggling branches, 1.5–7 dm. Herbs annual, usually erect, sometimes shortly decumbent and rooting, basal branches none, rarely with 1–3(–6) pairs of narrowly ascending branches distally, 0.6–7 dm.
Stems

internodes 4-lined at first, eventually 2-lined.

internodes 4-angled.

Leaves

blades narrowly oblong or oblanceolate to linear, 5–15 × 1–3 mm, base not articulated, rounded to cuneate, margins recurved to subrevolute, apex rounded to obtuse, midrib with 1–3 pairs of branches.

spreading, sessile or amplexicaul;

blade usually ovate-triangular to broadly ovate, rarely oblong (mid and distal blades lanceolate-deltate), 5–25 × 3–12 mm, papery to membranous, margins plane, apex usually subacute, basal veins (3–)5, midrib usually with 1–2 pairs of branches.

Inflorescences

rounded-pyramidal, 1–3-flowered, narrowly branched, sometimes with 1–3-flowered dichasia or branches from to 4 proximal nodes.

laxly corymbiform to cylindric, (1–)5–65-flowered, branching mostly dichasial.

Flowers

15–25 mm diam.;

sepals persistent, not enclosing capsule, (3–)4(–5), oblong or elliptic-oblong to linear, subequal or equal, 3–5 × 1–1.4 mm;

petals (3–)4(–5), bright yellow, obovate (larger pair) to obovate-oblong (smaller pair), 10–12 mm;

stamens persistent, 60–70;

ovary 3-merous, placentation parietal.

4.5–7 mm diam.;

sepals lanceolate to narrowly ovate, equal, 3–5 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex acute to acuminate;

petals bright yellow, oblanceolate, 2–4 mm;

stamens 10–14, scarcely grouped;

styles 0.5–0.7 mm;

stigmas broadly capitate.

Capsules

cylindric-ellipsoid to narrowly ovoid-conic, 6–8 × 2.5 mm.

narrowly conic-ellipsoid, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, usually broadest at or near middle.

Seeds

not carinate, 0.9–1 mm;

testa linear-foveolate.

0.5–0.6 mm;

testa finely linear-scalariform.

2n

= 18.

= 16.

Hypericum microsepalum

Hypericum gymnanthum

Phenology Flowering late winter–spring (Feb–May), late fall (Nov). Flowering summer (Jun–Sep).
Habitat Low, pine flatwoods, moist to wet, on sand Bogs, ditches, open and cleared woods, damp habitats
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–400 m (0–1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; GA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; Central America (Guatemala) [Introduced Atlantic Islands (Azores)]
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Hypericum microsepalum is related to H. cistifolium, not to the other four-petaled species attributed to Ascyrum, and can be distinguished from it by the bushier habit and smaller leaves and by the usually four-merous flowers with larger petals.

Hypericum isophyllum Steudel is an illegitimate name for H. microsepalum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Hypericum gymnanthum was introduced into Poland; it is now extinct there. It is closely related to H. mutilum; it differs from that species in the broader, usually deltate leaves; fewer, stricter branches; no condensed apical stem internode; and larger flowers with lanceolate to ovate sepals.

Hybrids of Hypericum gymnanthum with H. mutilum have been reported from Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia, and, perhaps erroneously, with H. canadense from Virginia.

Hypericum gymnanthum has clearly been introduced (recently?) into the Azores, not necessarily by man. Seeds may well have been carried there by birds.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 83. FNA vol. 6, p. 93.
Parent taxa Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Myriandra Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Brathys
Sibling taxa
H. adpressum, H. anagalloides, H. apocynifolium, H. ascyron, H. boreale, H. brachyphyllum, H. buckleyi, H. canadense, H. canariense, H. chapmanii, H. cistifolium, H. concinnum, H. crux-andreae, H. cumulicola, H. densiflorum, H. denticulatum, H. dolabriforme, H. drummondii, H. edisonianum, H. ellipticum, H. erythreae, H. fasciculatum, H. frondosum, H. galioides, H. gentianoides, H. graveolens, H. gymnanthum, H. harperi, H. hypericoides, H. kalmianum, H. lissophloeus, H. lloydii, H. lobocarpum, H. maculatum, H. majus, H. mutilum, H. myrtifolium, H. nitidum, H. nudiflorum, H. paucifolium, H. perforatum, H. prolificum, H. pseudomaculatum, H. punctatum, H. radfordiorum, H. scouleri, H. setosum, H. sphaerocarpum, H. suffruticosum, H. tenuifolium, H. tetrapetalum, H. virgatum, H. ×mitchellianum
H. adpressum, H. anagalloides, H. apocynifolium, H. ascyron, H. boreale, H. brachyphyllum, H. buckleyi, H. canadense, H. canariense, H. chapmanii, H. cistifolium, H. concinnum, H. crux-andreae, H. cumulicola, H. densiflorum, H. denticulatum, H. dolabriforme, H. drummondii, H. edisonianum, H. ellipticum, H. erythreae, H. fasciculatum, H. frondosum, H. galioides, H. gentianoides, H. graveolens, H. harperi, H. hypericoides, H. kalmianum, H. lissophloeus, H. lloydii, H. lobocarpum, H. maculatum, H. majus, H. microsepalum, H. mutilum, H. myrtifolium, H. nitidum, H. nudiflorum, H. paucifolium, H. perforatum, H. prolificum, H. pseudomaculatum, H. punctatum, H. radfordiorum, H. scouleri, H. setosum, H. sphaerocarpum, H. suffruticosum, H. tenuifolium, H. tetrapetalum, H. virgatum, H. ×mitchellianum
Synonyms Ascyrum microsepalum, Crookea microsepala, Isophyllum drummondii H. canadense var. cardiophyllum, H. mutilum var. gymnanthum, Sarothra gymnantha
Name authority (Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray ex S. Watson: Smithsonian Misc. Collect. 258: 456. (1878) Engelmann & A. Gray: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 212. (1845)
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