Hypericum lobocarpum
Hypericum
five-lobe St. John's-wort
millepertuis, St. Andrew's cross, St. John's-wort
internodes 4-lined at first, soon 2-lined to terete.
internodes terete (not lined) or 2-, 4-, or 6-lined at first (lines usually raised), then sometimes becoming angled, terete, or winged;
bark smooth or striate, sometimes corky, punctiform.
blades narrowly oblong to oblanceolate or linear, 35–50 × 3–11 mm, base articulated, narrowly cuneate to attenuate, margins recurved to revolute, apex apiculate-rounded to subacute, midrib with 12–14 pairs of branches.
globose-cylindric to shortly and broadly pyramidal, 5–25-flowered from apical node, with 3–15-flowered dichasia from 1–3 proximal nodes.
terminal, cymose, 2+-flowered, or flowers solitary, branching stellate [cupulate];
sepals persistent or deciduous, (3–)4–5, distinct or ± connate, margins sometimes glandular-ciliate;
petals persistent or deciduous, (3–)4–5[–6], contorted, yellow to orange, sometimes red-tinged;
stamens persistent or deciduous, (5–)10–300(–650), in continuous or interrupted ring or in (3–)4–5 fascicles, fascicles distinct or connate, each with 1–60+ stamens;
filaments distinct or basally connate;
anthers yellow to orange, oblong to ellipsoid, almost isodiametric, sometimes with amber or black gland on connective;
staminode fascicles 0 [3];
ovary 2–5-merous;
placentation axile to parietal;
ovules 2+ on each placenta;
styles distinct or ± connate basally, spreading to ± appressed.
10–15 mm diam.;
sepals deciduous, not enclosing capsule, 5, narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong or oblanceolate-spatulate, subequal to equal, (3.5–)4–4.5 × 0.8–1.5(–2) mm, basal veins 3–7;
petals 5, golden yellow, obovate-oblanceolate, 6–7(–8) mm;
stamens deciduous, 100–150;
ovary (3–)4–5-merous.
narrowly ovoid-conic to ovoid, 5.5–7 × 2.5–3.5 mm, notably lobed.
2–5-valved, sometimes with glandular vittae or vesicles.
not carinate, 1.2–1.5 mm;
testa linear-reticulate.
narrowly cylindric to ellipsoid, sometimes carinate;
testa foveolate or reticulate to scalariform [papillose].
= 12, 9–7, 6 (dihaploid).
= 18.
Hypericum lobocarpum
Hypericum
Hypericum lobocarpum usually can be distinguished from H. densiflorum by the five-merous ovary; its lobed capsule is a better differentiating characteristic. Hybrid intermediate forms sometimes occur in northwestern Alabama. The South Carolina population (from Allendale County), although well within the area of H. densiflorum and well established, has fruits typical of H. lobocarpum and appears to be either an outlier or an introduction. Hypericum ×dawsonianum Rehder, apparently H. lobocarpum × prolificum and intermediate in form between the presumed parents, is known in cultivation only.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Species ca. 490 (54 in the flora).
Shrubs with deciduous leaves, petals, and stamens belong to either Hypericum sect. Ascyreia Choisy (with five stamen fascicles and five styles) or sect. Androsaemum (Duhamel) Godron (with five stamen fascicles and three or four styles). These are all introductions, mostly garden escapes. Those in sect. Ascyreia include: Hypericum calycinum Linnaeus, a low shrub with creeping stolons and flowers 50–95 mm diam. that has been found in California, Oregon, and Washington; H. ×moserianum Luquet ex André, its hybrid with H. patulum Thunberg, a low (sterile?) branching shrub with red anthers; and H. hookerianum Wight & Arnott, a shrub to 2 m tall with narrow leaves and a dense ring of relatively short stamens, recorded from California (its identity requires confirmation). In sect. Androsaemum, H. androsaemum is a deciduous shrub with relatively small flowers and baccate fruits that ripen from cherry-red to black; it has been found in British Columbia and in California and Washington.
Introduced herbaceous species with three stamen fascicles and three styles include: Hypericum hirsutum, with hairy stems and leaves (Ontario); H. tetrapterum, with four-winged internodes and lanceolate sepals (British Columbia and Washington); H. pulchrum with cordate leaves and red-tinged petals (Newfoundland, St. Pierre and Miquelon); and H. humifusum Linnaeus, a procumbent herb with unequal sepals (British Columbia).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, black glands absent; stamens in continuous or interrupted ring or in 4 or 5 barely discernable fascicles, each of 1 or 2 stamens | → 2 |
1. Herbs or shrubs, black and/or red glands usually present throughout, sometimes absent; stamens in 5 fascicles, each of 2+ stamens | → 3 |
2. Herbs (perennial), subshrubs, or shrubs; petals deciduous; stamens usually persistent, sometimes deciduous, 30–650, in continuous ring or in 4–5 barely discernable fascicles; styles ± appressed, bases distinct. | sect. Myriandra |
2. Herbs (annual or perennial); petals persistent; stamens persistent, (5–)10–80, usually in continuous or interrupted ring, sometimes in 5 barely discernable fascicles; styles ± spreading, bases distinct. | Hypericum informal sect. group Brathys |
3. Shrubs; leaves deciduous (base articulated); style bases distinct. | sect. Webbia |
3. Herbs (perennial); leaves persistent or tardily deciduous (base not articulated) or; style bases ± connate or distinct | → 4 |
4. Herbs, black glands absent; flowers 40–70 mm diam.; stamens 150, in 5 fascicles, fascicles usually distinct, rarely 1 pair connate; styles ± appressed, bases ± connate or distinct. | sect. Roscyna |
4. Herbs, black glands usually on leaves, sepals, and petals and, sometimes, on stems and anthers; flowers 6–35 mm diam.; stamens 20–109, in 5 fascicles, fascicles connate (as 2 + 2 + 1); styles spreading, bases distinct. | Hypericum informal sect. group Hypericum |
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