Hypericum hypericoides subsp. multicaule |
Hypericum hypericoides |
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St. Andrew's cross |
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Habit | Plants decumbent to prostrate, branching from base, mat-forming, 0.5–3 dm. | Subshrubs or shrubs, erect or decumbent to prostrate, unbranched or branched, sometimes diffuse and mat-forming, 0.5–3 or 3–15 dm. | ||||
Stems | internodes 2-winged. |
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Leaf | blades usually oblanceolate, 10–20 × 3–6 mm, broadest beyond middle. |
blades oblanceolate or narrowly oblong or elliptic to linear, 7–25 × 1–8.5 mm, base not articulated, usually cuneate, sometimes rounded, with glandlike auricles, margins subrecurved, apex rounded to obtuse, midrib with 1–2 pairs of branches. |
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Inflorescences | branching dichasial (1–3-flowered) or lateral. |
narrowly cylindric to pyramidal, 1–12-flowered from 1–4 nodes, sometimes with branches from to 10 proximal nodes, or branching more elaborate and pseudodichotomous; pedicels erect in fruit, bracteoles distal. |
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Flowers | 10–20 mm diam.; sepals persistent, enclosing capsule, 4, unequal, outer ovate-suborbiculate to narrowly elliptic, 5–12.5 × 2–13 mm, apex subapiculate to obtuse, inner lanceolate, 1–4 × 2 mm, apex acute; petals 4, bright to pale yellow, obovate to narrowly oblong-elliptic, 6–12 mm; stamens persistent, 40–50; ovary 2-merous. |
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Capsules | narrowly compressed-ovoid to cylindric-ellipsoid, 5–9 × 2–4 mm. |
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Seeds | not carinate, 0.6–0.8 mm; testa finely linear-reticulate to linear-foveolate. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Hypericum hypericoides subsp. multicaule |
Hypericum hypericoides |
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Phenology | Flowering summer (Jun–Aug). | |||||
Habitat | Dry, rocky slopes, road embankments, dry to moist, rich woods | |||||
Elevation | 70–900 m (200–3000 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; TN; TX; VA; WV |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; Mexico; West Indies (Bahamas, Greater Antilles); Bermuda; Central America (Guatemala, Honduras)
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (2 in the flora). Hypericum hypericoides can be distinguished from H. crux-andreae by the two-merous ovary, narrower leaves, smaller flowers, and more richly-branched stems. It is variable in leaf and sepal shape and size; three subspecies can be recognized. The erect bushy form (subsp. hypericoides) is most widespread and has given rise to a northern diffuse form (subsp. multicaule) in the United States and a prostrate form (subsp. prostratum N. Robson) in Hispaniola. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 87. | FNA vol. 6, p. 87. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Ascyrum multicaule, A. helianthemifolium, A. hypericoides var. multicaule, A. spathulatum, H. hypericoides var. multicaule, H. stragulum | Ascyrum hypericoides | ||||
Name authority | (Michaux ex Willdenow) N. Robson: Taxon 29: 273. (1980) | (Linnaeus) Crantz: Inst. Rei Herb. 2: 520. (1766) | ||||
Web links |