Hypericum harperi |
Hypericum hypericoides |
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St. Andrew's cross |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, semiaquatic or aquatic, erect, branching with long-creeping rhizomes at aerenchymatous base and from mid and distal nodes, 3–10 dm. | Subshrubs or shrubs, erect or decumbent to prostrate, unbranched or branched, sometimes diffuse and mat-forming, 0.5–3 or 3–15 dm. | ||||
Stems | internodes 4-lined. |
internodes 2-winged. |
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Leaves | ascending to deflexed, sessile; blade narrowly oblong-elliptic (proximal) or lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 10–30 × 3–8 mm, mostly longer than internodes, not or scarcely smaller distally, leathery, margins plane, apex acute, basal or near-basal veins 1–3(–5), midrib with 0–2 pairs of branches. |
blades oblanceolate or narrowly oblong or elliptic to linear, 7–25 × 1–8.5 mm, base not articulated, usually cuneate, sometimes rounded, with glandlike auricles, margins subrecurved, apex rounded to obtuse, midrib with 1–2 pairs of branches. |
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Inflorescences | broadly pyramidal to subcorymbiform, 1(–30)-flowered, branching mostly dichasial. |
narrowly cylindric to pyramidal, 1–12-flowered from 1–4 nodes, sometimes with branches from to 10 proximal nodes, or branching more elaborate and pseudodichotomous; pedicels erect in fruit, bracteoles distal. |
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Flowers | 4–10 mm diam.; sepals lanceolate, usually unequal, 3–5 × 0.8–1 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex acute to acuminate; petals orange-yellow, obovate, 6–10 mm; stamens 50–80, irregularly grouped; styles 2–4 mm; stigmas capitate. |
10–20 mm diam.; sepals persistent, enclosing capsule, 4, unequal, outer ovate-suborbiculate to narrowly elliptic, 5–12.5 × 2–13 mm, apex subapiculate to obtuse, inner lanceolate, 1–4 × 2 mm, apex acute; petals 4, bright to pale yellow, obovate to narrowly oblong-elliptic, 6–12 mm; stamens persistent, 40–50; ovary 2-merous. |
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Capsules | ellipsoid to rostrate-subglobose, 3–4.5 × 2–2.5 mm. |
narrowly compressed-ovoid to cylindric-ellipsoid, 5–9 × 2–4 mm. |
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Seeds | 0.5–0.6(–0.7) mm; testa obscurely linear-reticulate to irregularly reticulate. |
not carinate, 0.6–0.8 mm; testa finely linear-reticulate to linear-foveolate. |
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2n | = 24. |
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Hypericum harperi |
Hypericum hypericoides |
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Phenology | Flowering mid–late summer (Jul–Sep). | |||||
Habitat | Open Taxodium swamps, wet pine barrens | |||||
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; SC |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; Mexico; West Indies (Bahamas, Greater Antilles); Bermuda; Central America (Guatemala, Honduras)
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (2 in the flora). Hypericum hypericoides can be distinguished from H. crux-andreae by the two-merous ovary, narrower leaves, smaller flowers, and more richly-branched stems. It is variable in leaf and sepal shape and size; three subspecies can be recognized. The erect bushy form (subsp. hypericoides) is most widespread and has given rise to a northern diffuse form (subsp. multicaule) in the United States and a prostrate form (subsp. prostratum N. Robson) in Hispaniola. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 90. | FNA vol. 6, p. 87. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
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Synonyms | Ascyrum hypericoides | |||||
Name authority | R. Keller: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 198. (1923) | (Linnaeus) Crantz: Inst. Rei Herb. 2: 520. (1766) | ||||
Web links |