Hypericum gymnanthum |
Hypericum drummondii |
|
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claspingleaf St. Johnswort, small-flower St. John's wort |
Drummond's St. Johnswort, nits and lice |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, usually erect, sometimes shortly decumbent and rooting, basal branches none, rarely with 1–3(–6) pairs of narrowly ascending branches distally, 0.6–7 dm. | Herbs annual, erect, branches strict, in distal 1/2, 1–8 dm, wiry. |
Stems | internodes 4-angled. |
internodes 4-lined. |
Leaves | spreading, sessile or amplexicaul; blade usually ovate-triangular to broadly ovate, rarely oblong (mid and distal blades lanceolate-deltate), 5–25 × 3–12 mm, papery to membranous, margins plane, apex usually subacute, basal veins (3–)5, midrib usually with 1–2 pairs of branches. |
erect to suberect, sessile; blade linear or linear-subulate to linear-lanceolate, 5–22 × 0.5–1 mm, subcoriaceous, margins recurved to revolute, apex acute to obtuse, basal vein 1, midrib unbranched. |
Inflorescences | laxly corymbiform to cylindric, (1–)5–65-flowered, branching mostly dichasial. |
narrowly to broadly triangular, 1–12-flowered, branching mostly monochasial. |
Flowers | 4.5–7 mm diam.; sepals lanceolate to narrowly ovate, equal, 3–5 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex acute to acuminate; petals bright yellow, oblanceolate, 2–4 mm; stamens 10–14, scarcely grouped; styles 0.5–0.7 mm; stigmas broadly capitate. |
5–8 mm diam.; sepals narrowly oblong to linear-lanceolate, subequal, 3–7 × 0.7–1.3 mm, apex acute; petals golden yellow to orange-yellow, oblong, 4–7 mm; stamens 10–22, separate or obscurely 3-fascicled; styles (0.5–)0.8–1.5 mm; stigmas broadly capitate. |
Capsules | narrowly conic-ellipsoid, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, usually broadest at or near middle. |
narrowly ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, 3.5–7 × 2.5–3 mm, length 1–1.2 times sepals. |
Seeds | 0.5–0.6 mm; testa finely linear-scalariform. |
0.9–1.1 mm; testa finely scalariform. |
2n | = 16. |
= 24. |
Hypericum gymnanthum |
Hypericum drummondii |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer (Jun–Sep). | Flowering summer–early fall (Jul–Sep). |
Habitat | Bogs, ditches, open and cleared woods, damp habitats | Dry, sandy or clay soil in open woods, old fields, waste or rocky places |
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | 0–1100 m (0–3600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; Central America (Guatemala) [Introduced Atlantic Islands (Azores)]
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AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
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Discussion | Hypericum gymnanthum was introduced into Poland; it is now extinct there. It is closely related to H. mutilum; it differs from that species in the broader, usually deltate leaves; fewer, stricter branches; no condensed apical stem internode; and larger flowers with lanceolate to ovate sepals. Hybrids of Hypericum gymnanthum with H. mutilum have been reported from Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia, and, perhaps erroneously, with H. canadense from Virginia. Hypericum gymnanthum has clearly been introduced (recently?) into the Azores, not necessarily by man. Seeds may well have been carried there by birds. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hypericum drummondii is closely related to H. gentianoides. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 93. | FNA vol. 6, p. 95. |
Parent taxa | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Brathys | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Brathys |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. canadense var. cardiophyllum, H. mutilum var. gymnanthum, Sarothra gymnantha | Sarothra drummondii, Brathys drummondii |
Name authority | Engelmann & A. Gray: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 212. (1845) | (Greville & Hooker) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 165. (1838) |
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