Hypericum gymnanthum |
Hypericum cumulicola |
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claspingleaf St. Johnswort, small-flower St. John's wort |
highlands scrub hypericum, highlands scrub St. Johnswort |
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Habit | Herbs annual, usually erect, sometimes shortly decumbent and rooting, basal branches none, rarely with 1–3(–6) pairs of narrowly ascending branches distally, 0.6–7 dm. | Herbs perennial, erect, branching at or just below ground level and in inflorescence, 2–7.5 dm. |
Stems | internodes 4-angled. |
internodes 4-lined. |
Leaves | spreading, sessile or amplexicaul; blade usually ovate-triangular to broadly ovate, rarely oblong (mid and distal blades lanceolate-deltate), 5–25 × 3–12 mm, papery to membranous, margins plane, apex usually subacute, basal veins (3–)5, midrib usually with 1–2 pairs of branches. |
appressed, sessile; blade linear-subulate, (1–)2.5–4 × 0.2–0.3 mm, subcoriaceous, margins incurved, apex acute, basal vein 1, midrib unbranched. |
Inflorescences | laxly corymbiform to cylindric, (1–)5–65-flowered, branching mostly dichasial. |
subcorymbiform, to 13-flowered, branching mostly dichasial. |
Flowers | 4.5–7 mm diam.; sepals lanceolate to narrowly ovate, equal, 3–5 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex acute to acuminate; petals bright yellow, oblanceolate, 2–4 mm; stamens 10–14, scarcely grouped; styles 0.5–0.7 mm; stigmas broadly capitate. |
3–4 mm diam.; sepals ovate to elliptic or narrowly oblong, unequal, 1.5–2 × 0.6–1 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex acute to subacute; petals yellow, obovate-oblong, 3.5–5 mm; stamens 20–25, irregularly arranged; styles 1.5–2 mm; stigmas capitate. |
Capsules | narrowly conic-ellipsoid, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, usually broadest at or near middle. |
narrowly ovoid-conic, subrostrate, 3.5–6 × 1–1.5 mm. |
Seeds | 0.5–0.6 mm; testa finely linear-scalariform. |
0.5–0.6 mm; testa scalariform-reticulate. |
2n | = 16. |
= 12. |
Hypericum gymnanthum |
Hypericum cumulicola |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer (Jun–Sep). | Flowering spring–late fall (Mar–Nov). |
Habitat | Bogs, ditches, open and cleared woods, damp habitats | Scrub, on ancient white-sand dunes |
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | 50 m (200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; Central America (Guatemala) [Introduced Atlantic Islands (Azores)]
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FL
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Discussion | Hypericum gymnanthum was introduced into Poland; it is now extinct there. It is closely related to H. mutilum; it differs from that species in the broader, usually deltate leaves; fewer, stricter branches; no condensed apical stem internode; and larger flowers with lanceolate to ovate sepals. Hybrids of Hypericum gymnanthum with H. mutilum have been reported from Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia, and, perhaps erroneously, with H. canadense from Virginia. Hypericum gymnanthum has clearly been introduced (recently?) into the Azores, not necessarily by man. Seeds may well have been carried there by birds. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Hypericum cumulicola is confined to Highlands and Polk counties and its habitat is under threat from bulldozers and citrus groves (D. B. Ward 1980); its nearest relative, with the same chromosome number, appears to be H. setosum. Hypericum cumulicola is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 93. | FNA vol. 6, p. 91. |
Parent taxa | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Brathys | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Brathys |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. canadense var. cardiophyllum, H. mutilum var. gymnanthum, Sarothra gymnantha | Sanidophyllum cumulicola |
Name authority | Engelmann & A. Gray: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 212. (1845) | (Small) W. P. Adams: Rhodora 64: 234. (1962) |
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