Hypericum gentianoides |
Hypericum kalmianum |
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orange-grass, orange-grass St. John's-wort, pineweed, pinweed St. Johnswort |
Kalm's St. John's-wort, millepertuis de Kalm |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, erect, branches strict, in distal 2/3 or from most nodes, 0.7–6 dm, wiry. | Shrubs, erect, forming slender to rounded or flat-topped bush, (1.4–)2–6(–10) dm. |
Stems | internodes 4-lined. |
internodes 4-lined at first, then terete. |
Leaves | appressed, sessile; blade narrowly triangular-subulate to linear-subulate, scalelike, 1–4 × 0.4–0.6 mm, subcoriaceous to chartaceous, margins incurved, apex obtuse to rounded, basal vein 1, midrib unbranched. |
blades narrowly oblong to oblanceolate or linear, (15–)20–45 × 3–7(–10) mm, base articulated, narrowly cuneate to subattenuate, margins subrecurved to revolute, apex rounded to obtuse, midrib with 9–14 pairs of branches. |
Inflorescences | usually pyramidal, 1–24-flowered, branching mostly monochasial. |
usually (1–)3–7(+)-flowered from apical node, rarely with flowers from 1–2 proximal nodes. |
Flowers | 3–5 mm diam.; sepals lanceolate to narrowly oblong or linear-lanceolate, unequal, 1.5–2.5 × 0.4–0.8 mm, apex acute; petals orange-yellow to golden yellow, oblong, 2–4 mm; stamens 5–11, 5 separate or obscurely 5-grouped; styles 0.8–1.2 mm; stigmas broadly capitate. |
20–35 mm diam.; sepals deciduous, not enclosing capsule, (4–)5, elliptic or oblong to obovate, subequal, 4–9 × 1.5–5 mm; petals (4–)5, golden yellow, obovate to oblong, 8–15 mm; stamens deciduous, 150–200; ovary (3–)5(–6)-merous. |
Capsules | narrowly cylindric-conic, 4–5 × 1–1.2 mm, length 2–2.7 times sepals. |
narrowly ovoid-conic, 7–11 × 4–7 mm. |
Seeds | 0.4–0.8 mm; testa markedly ribbed-scalariform. |
narrowly carinate, 0.7–1.1 mm; testa subscalariform. |
2n | = 24. |
= 18. |
Hypericum gentianoides |
Hypericum kalmianum |
|
Phenology | Flowering late spring–fall (May–Oct). | Flowering summer (Jul–Aug). |
Habitat | Dry, sandy soil in open woods, fields, roadsides, waste or rocky places, tall-grass prairie | Sandy or calcareous dune slacks or swales, rocky shores, plains and low prairies, along streams, sphagnum-sedge swamps |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 10–400 m (0–1300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NS; ON; PE [Introduced in West Indies (Dominican Republic), South America (Brazil, Paraguay), Europe (France)]
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IL; IN; MI; NY; OH; WI; ON; QC
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Discussion | Hypericum gentianoides is smaller in all parts than H. drummondii and more branched. The relatively long, narrow capsule is diagnostic, as are the relatively small, often scalelike leaves. Hypericum sarothra Michaux and Sarothra hypericoides Nuttall are illegitimate names that pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hypericum kalmianum is a northern derivative of H. prolificum with shorter stems, narrower leaves, fewer and larger flowers, and, usually, five styles and placentae. Natural hybrids with H. prolificum have been reported from Wisconsin. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 95. | FNA vol. 6, p. 77. |
Parent taxa | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Brathys | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Myriandra |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Sarothra gentianoides, Brathys gentianoides, H. nudicaule | Norysca kalmiana |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Britton: Prelim. Cat., 9. (1888) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 783. (1753) |
Web links |