Hypericum galioides |
Hypericum boreale |
|
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bedstraw St. Johnswort |
millepertuis bor é al, northern bog St. John's-wort, northern St. John's-wort |
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Habit | Shrubs, erect, forming rounded clumps, 5–15 dm. | Herbs annual or perennial, erect, with decumbent to prostrate, rooting base, usually 2–6-branched, branches spreading or ascending distal to middle, 0.9–3.3 dm. |
Stems | internodes 6-lined at first, soon 4-lined, then terete. |
internodes 4-angled, apical internode shorter than adjacent one or almost absent. |
Leaves | blades narrowly oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate to linear, 15–32(–37) × 1–7 mm, base articulated, attenuate, margins recurved to revolute, apex rounded to acute, midrib obscurely branched. |
spreading, sessile; blade (concolor), broadly to narrowly oblong or elliptic to oblanceolate or round, 5–15 × 2–5 mm, papery to membranous, margins plane, apex rounded, basal veins 3–5, midrib branched or not. |
Inflorescences | narrowly cylindric, 3–15-flowered from apical node, with (1–)3–5-flowered dichasia from 3–4 proximal nodes, sometimes with additional flowering branches. |
cylindric to rounded-pyramidal, 1–13-flowered, branching mostly dichasial; bracts not linear-subulate. |
Flowers | 9–14 mm diam.; sepals deciduous, not enclosing capsule, 5, oblanceolate-spatulate to linear, subequal or equal, 3.5–6.5 × 0.5–1.5 mm; petals 5, bright yellow, obovate-oblanceolate, 5–9 mm; stamens deciduous, 60–120; ovary 3-merous, placentation parietal. |
3–5 mm diam.; sepals usually lanceolate to narrowly oblong, rarely oblanceolate, equal, 2.5 × 0.8–1 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex rounded; petals pale yellow, oblong, 1.7–3.5 mm; stamens 5–16, scarcely grouped; styles 0.5 mm; stigmas broadly capitate. |
Capsules | narrowly ovoid-conic, 4.5–6 × 2.5–3.5 mm. |
narrowly ovoid to cylindric-ellipsoid, 4–5 × 2–2.5 mm, usually broadest at or near middle. |
Seeds | narrowly carinate, 0.7–0.8 mm; testa finely reticulate. |
0.4–0.7 mm; testa finely linear-scalariform. |
2n | = 18. |
= 16 [“18”]. |
Hypericum galioides |
Hypericum boreale |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer (Jun–Aug). | Flowering summer–early fall (Jul–Sep). |
Habitat | Wet or moist, open habitats (stream banks, flood plains, roadside ditches, low pine forest, etc.), coastal plain | Bogs, poor fens, lake margins, marshes |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
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CT; DE; IA; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; OR; PA; RI; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM |
Discussion | The leaves of Hypericum galioides vary considerably in width; the lamina is always visible on either side of the midrib. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Where Hypericum boreale grows submerged, the plants are almost always sterile with elongated stems and suborbiculate leaves (H. boreale forma callitrichoides Fassett). Such plants intergrade shorewards with typical H. boreale (F. H. Utech and H. H. Iltis 1970). All other chromosome counts for H. mutilum and its near relatives have given n = 8; B. M. Kapoor’s (1972) count of 2n = 18 must be treated with reserve. Hypericum mutile var. boreale (Britton) E. P. Bicknell is not a validly published name. The discovery of Hypericum boreale near the mouth of Fraser River at Vancouver in 1989 extends the distribution of this species across Canada almost to the Pacific coast; this occurrence is almost certainly the result of recent introduction. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 78. | FNA vol. 6, p. 94. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Brathydium ambiguum, H. ambiguum, H. axillare, H. galioides var. ambiguum, H. galioides var. axillare, H. michauxii, Myriandra galioides, M. michauxii | H. canadense var. boreale, H. mutilum subsp. boreale, Sarothra borealis |
Name authority | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 4: 161. (1797) | (Britton) E. P. Bicknell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 213. (1895) |
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