Hypericum canariense |
Hypericum denticulatum |
|
---|---|---|
Canary Island st john's wort, Canary Islands St. John's wort |
coppery St. John's wort |
|
Habit | Shrubs erect, bushy, 10–50 dm. | Herbs perennial, erect, branching at usually aerenchymatous base and in inflorescence, 2–7 dm. |
Stems | internodes 4-lined at first, then terete. |
internodes 4-lined. |
Leaves | spreading, sessile; blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-oblong, 20–70 × 5–15 mm, (proximal usually narrower), base narrowly cuneate to subangustate, margins plane, apex acute to apiculate-obtuse, midrib with 8–12 pairs of branches, tertiary veins densely reticulate toward margins. |
(main stem) spreading to appressed, sessile; blade usually broadly to narrowly ovate, rarely elliptic or lanceolate, 4–20 × 5–15(–18) mm, mostly shorter than internodes, leathery, margins plane, apex acute to subrounded, densely gland-dotted, basal veins 1–5, if 1, midrib with 2–3 pairs of branches. |
Inflorescences | broadly rounded-pyramidal to broadly cylindric, to 30-flowered. |
broadly pyramidal to corymbiform, to 25-flowered, branching mostly dichasial. |
Flowers | sepals lanceolate, unequal, 3–4.5 × 1–2.2 mm; petals bright yellow, not red-tinged, oblanceolate-unguiculate, 12–17 mm; anther gland yellow to orange; styles widely spreading, 8–14 mm. |
5–13 mm diam.; sepals ovate or lanceolate to elliptic or obovate, subequal, 3–8 × 1.5–4 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex acute; petals orange-yellow, obovate, 5–10 mm; stamens 50–80, irregularly grouped; styles 2–4 mm; stigmas clavate. |
Capsules | pyramidal-ovoid to ovoid-ellipsoid, 9–12 × 7–8 mm. |
ovoid to rostrate-subglobose, 3–5 × 2–3 mm. |
Seeds | 1.5–2 mm, narrowly winged; testa linear-reticulate to linear-foveolate. |
0.4–0.7 mm; testa obscurely linear-reticulate to finely ribbed-scalariform. |
2n | = 40. |
|
Hypericum canariense |
Hypericum denticulatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering summer–early fall (Jun–Sep). |
Habitat | Disturbed sites | Wet woods, marshes, bogs |
Elevation | 20–500 m (100–1600 ft) | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands, Madeira) [Introduced in North America]
|
AL; DE; GA; NC; NJ; NY; PA; SC; TN; VA
|
Discussion | Hypericum canariense is established at Montecito and Santa Barbara in the hills (P. A. Munz 1974) and along the coast north of Santa Cruz to San Francisco, at locations in Orange and San Mateo counties, and in the San Diego coast region. The description above agrees with that for Hypericum floribundum regarding sepals lanceolate and acute; in typical H. canariense they are oblong-spatulate and rounded. The variation is continuous; only one species is recognized here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
D. H. Webb (1980) regarded the disjunct populations in North Carolina and Tennessee as possible relicts and the Alabama one as due to recent introduction. J. R. Allison (2011) agreed and, in his opinion, the Pennsylvania and Virginia records are historical, and Hypericum denticulatum is likely adventive in Georgia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 96. | FNA vol. 6, p. 89. |
Parent taxa | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Webbia | Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Brathys |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. floribundum, Webbia canariensis, W. floribunda | H. angulosum, H. denticulatum var. ovalifolium, H. laevigatum, H. virgatum var. ovalifolium |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 784. (1753) | Walter: Fl. Carol., 190. (1788) |
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