Hypericum boreale |
Hypericum galioides |
|
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millepertuis bor é al, northern bog St. John's-wort, northern St. John's-wort |
bedstraw St. Johnswort |
|
Habit | Herbs annual or perennial, erect, with decumbent to prostrate, rooting base, usually 2–6-branched, branches spreading or ascending distal to middle, 0.9–3.3 dm. | Shrubs, erect, forming rounded clumps, 5–15 dm. |
Stems | internodes 4-angled, apical internode shorter than adjacent one or almost absent. |
internodes 6-lined at first, soon 4-lined, then terete. |
Leaves | spreading, sessile; blade (concolor), broadly to narrowly oblong or elliptic to oblanceolate or round, 5–15 × 2–5 mm, papery to membranous, margins plane, apex rounded, basal veins 3–5, midrib branched or not. |
blades narrowly oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate to linear, 15–32(–37) × 1–7 mm, base articulated, attenuate, margins recurved to revolute, apex rounded to acute, midrib obscurely branched. |
Inflorescences | cylindric to rounded-pyramidal, 1–13-flowered, branching mostly dichasial; bracts not linear-subulate. |
narrowly cylindric, 3–15-flowered from apical node, with (1–)3–5-flowered dichasia from 3–4 proximal nodes, sometimes with additional flowering branches. |
Flowers | 3–5 mm diam.; sepals usually lanceolate to narrowly oblong, rarely oblanceolate, equal, 2.5 × 0.8–1 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex rounded; petals pale yellow, oblong, 1.7–3.5 mm; stamens 5–16, scarcely grouped; styles 0.5 mm; stigmas broadly capitate. |
9–14 mm diam.; sepals deciduous, not enclosing capsule, 5, oblanceolate-spatulate to linear, subequal or equal, 3.5–6.5 × 0.5–1.5 mm; petals 5, bright yellow, obovate-oblanceolate, 5–9 mm; stamens deciduous, 60–120; ovary 3-merous, placentation parietal. |
Capsules | narrowly ovoid to cylindric-ellipsoid, 4–5 × 2–2.5 mm, usually broadest at or near middle. |
narrowly ovoid-conic, 4.5–6 × 2.5–3.5 mm. |
Seeds | 0.4–0.7 mm; testa finely linear-scalariform. |
narrowly carinate, 0.7–0.8 mm; testa finely reticulate. |
2n | = 16 [“18”]. |
= 18. |
Hypericum boreale |
Hypericum galioides |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer–early fall (Jul–Sep). | Flowering summer (Jun–Aug). |
Habitat | Bogs, poor fens, lake margins, marshes | Wet or moist, open habitats (stream banks, flood plains, roadside ditches, low pine forest, etc.), coastal plain |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; DE; IA; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; OR; PA; RI; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
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Discussion | Where Hypericum boreale grows submerged, the plants are almost always sterile with elongated stems and suborbiculate leaves (H. boreale forma callitrichoides Fassett). Such plants intergrade shorewards with typical H. boreale (F. H. Utech and H. H. Iltis 1970). All other chromosome counts for H. mutilum and its near relatives have given n = 8; B. M. Kapoor’s (1972) count of 2n = 18 must be treated with reserve. Hypericum mutile var. boreale (Britton) E. P. Bicknell is not a validly published name. The discovery of Hypericum boreale near the mouth of Fraser River at Vancouver in 1989 extends the distribution of this species across Canada almost to the Pacific coast; this occurrence is almost certainly the result of recent introduction. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The leaves of Hypericum galioides vary considerably in width; the lamina is always visible on either side of the midrib. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 94. | FNA vol. 6, p. 78. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. canadense var. boreale, H. mutilum subsp. boreale, Sarothra borealis | Brathydium ambiguum, H. ambiguum, H. axillare, H. galioides var. ambiguum, H. galioides var. axillare, H. michauxii, Myriandra galioides, M. michauxii |
Name authority | (Britton) E. P. Bicknell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 213. (1895) | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 4: 161. (1797) |
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