Hypericum anagalloides |
Hypericum gymnanthum |
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bog john's-wort, bog St. John's-wort, creeping St. John's-wort, tinker's penny |
claspingleaf St. Johnswort, small-flower St. John's wort |
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Habit | Herbs annual or perennial, decumbent to ascending, with diffusely branching and rooting base, forming loose mats, not usually branched distally, 0.3–1.5 dm. | Herbs annual, usually erect, sometimes shortly decumbent and rooting, basal branches none, rarely with 1–3(–6) pairs of narrowly ascending branches distally, 0.6–7 dm. |
Stems | internodes 4-angled. |
internodes 4-angled. |
Leaves | spreading, sessile or subamplexicaul; blade ovate or orbiculate to elliptic or oblanceolate (proximal) or oblong (distal), 3–13 × 1.5–8.5 mm, papery to membranous, margins plane, apex rounded, basal veins 3–5(–7), distally looped, midrib unbranched. |
spreading, sessile or amplexicaul; blade usually ovate-triangular to broadly ovate, rarely oblong (mid and distal blades lanceolate-deltate), 5–25 × 3–12 mm, papery to membranous, margins plane, apex usually subacute, basal veins (3–)5, midrib usually with 1–2 pairs of branches. |
Inflorescences | loosely corymbiform, 1–14-flowered, branching mostly dichasial. |
laxly corymbiform to cylindric, (1–)5–65-flowered, branching mostly dichasial. |
Flowers | 3–5(–8) mm diam.; sepals usually narrowly elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate-spatulate, rarely obovate, unequal, 2–4 × 0.9–2 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex subacute to rounded; petals golden yellow to salmon-orange, oblanceolate, (1.7–)3.5–5 mm; stamens (5–)12–15(–25), separate or obscurely 3-fascicled; styles 0.5–2 mm; stigmas scarcely capitate. |
4.5–7 mm diam.; sepals lanceolate to narrowly ovate, equal, 3–5 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins sometimes ciliate, not setulose-ciliate, apex acute to acuminate; petals bright yellow, oblanceolate, 2–4 mm; stamens 10–14, scarcely grouped; styles 0.5–0.7 mm; stigmas broadly capitate. |
Capsules | ellipsoid to cylindric or subglobose, 2.5–5 × 1.7–2.5 mm. |
narrowly conic-ellipsoid, 3–5 × 1.5–2 mm, usually broadest at or near middle. |
Seeds | 0.5–0.6 mm; testa linear-scalariform. |
0.5–0.6 mm; testa finely linear-scalariform. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Hypericum anagalloides |
Hypericum gymnanthum |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–late summer (May–Sep). | Flowering summer (Jun–Sep). |
Habitat | Bogs, ditches, lake and stream margins, meadows, other damp habitats | Bogs, ditches, open and cleared woods, damp habitats |
Elevation | 50–2700 m [160–8900 ft] | 0–400 m [0–1300 ft] |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California)
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AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; Central America (Guatemala) [Introduced Atlantic Islands (Azores)]
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Discussion | As reflected in the synonymy, Hypericum anagalloides is variable; none of the variations merits taxonomic recognition. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hypericum gymnanthum was introduced into Poland; it is now extinct there. It is closely related to H. mutilum; it differs from that species in the broader, usually deltate leaves; fewer, stricter branches; no condensed apical stem internode; and larger flowers with lanceolate to ovate sepals. Hybrids of Hypericum gymnanthum with H. mutilum have been reported from Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia, and, perhaps erroneously, with H. canadense from Virginia. Hypericum gymnanthum has clearly been introduced (recently?) into the Azores, not necessarily by man. Seeds may well have been carried there by birds. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 95. | FNA vol. 6, p. 93. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. anagalloides var. calicifolium, H. anagalloides var. cymosum, H. anagalloides var. nevadense, H. anagalloides var. pumilum, H. anagalloides var. ramigerum, H. anagalloides var. undulatum, H. bryophytum, H. tapetoides | H. canadense var. cardiophyllum, H. mutilum var. gymnanthum, Sarothra gymnantha |
Name authority | Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 3: 127. (1828) | Engelmann & A. Gray: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 212. (1845) |
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