Hyophila involuta |
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hyophila moss, rolled-leaf wet-ground moss |
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Habit | Plants in loose or dense, dark green to red-brown or blackish tufts, dull or occasionally with a metallic sheen. |
Stem | densely foliate, 5–10(–20) mm, central strand strong. |
Leaves | concave when moist, to 1.5–2(–2.5) mm, oblong-spatulate to obovate, occasionally with multicellular teeth in distal 1/4, rounded to rounded obtuse at the apex, sometimes apiculate; costa stout, prominent abaxially, smooth on the abaxial surface to occasionally roughened at the apex, hydroids absent; laminal cells near insertion short-rectangular, 2–4:1, firm-walled, pale and brownish or hyaline, cells 8–10(–12) µm wide, in longitudinal and oblique rows, thin to thick-walled, bulging-mammillose on the adaxial surface, plane on the abaxial. |
Seta | 6–7 mm, reddish to yellow-brown with age. |
Sexual condition | dioicous. |
Capsule | erect, 1.5–3 mm, narrowly cylindric from an indistinct neck, annulus well differentiated, red-brown, of vesiculose cells, persistent or deciduous; [operculum erect, conic-rostrate, 0.6–0.8 mm]. |
Hyophila involuta |
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Habitat | Loosely consolidated sedimentary rocks, soft limestone, rocky riverbanks, streamsides and bluffs in shaded woods |
Elevation | low to moderate elevations (0-1100 m) (low to moderate elevations (0-3600 ft)) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CT; FL; GA; IN; KS; KY; MD; MI; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Europe; s Asia; s Africa; Pacific Islands; Australia
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Discussion | Cells covering the adaxial costal surface in the related genus Plaubelia are rounded and similar to the laminal cells, being small and generally isodiametric; those of Hyophila are rather different from the laminal cells, being somewhat larger and quadrate to short-rectangular. The adaxial costal cells of Plaubelia are more saliently mammillose than those of Hyophila, but this is not always easy to establish. In the flora the range of Plaubelia is restricted to Florida, whereas that of Hyophila involuta extends from Florida north to Ontario. For distinction of Hyophila from Dichodontium pellucidum, see discussion of the latter species. Hyophila involuta apparently rarely fruits in the flora area (one old sporophyte was seen from Ohio; one fruiting specimen from New Jersey was noted by A. J. Grout 1928–1940). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 27, p. 585. |
Parent taxa | |
Synonyms | Gymnostomum involutum, H. tortula |
Name authority | (Hooker) A. Jaeger: Ber. Thätigk. St. Gallischen Naturwiss. Ges. 1871/1872: 354. (1873) |
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