Hymenoxys lemmonii |
Hymenoxys cooperi |
|
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alkali hymenoxys, Lemmon's bitterweed, Lemmon's goldflower, Lemmon's rubberweed, Lemmon's rubberweed or bitterweed |
Cooper's golden-flower, Cooper's goldflower, Cooper's rubberweed, Cooper's rubberweed or bitterweed, ragged rustlers |
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Habit | Perennials, 30–50 cm (polycarpic; often with moderately branched, woody caudices). | Biennials or perennials, (10–)20–80(–100) cm (monocarpic; sometimes with sparingly branched, woody caudices). |
Stems | 3–10(–15), green throughout or purple-red-tinted proximally, branched distally, glabrous or ± sparsely hairy. |
1–3(–15), usually purple-red-tinted proximally, sometimes purple-red-tinted throughout, branched distally, ± hairy. |
Leaves | blades simple or lobed (lobes 3–13), glabrous or sparsely hairy, gland-dotted; mid leaves lobed (lobes 3–7, terminal lobes 1.5–2.3 mm wide). |
blades simple or lobed (lobes 3–9), ± hairy, gland-dotted (basal leaf bases ± long-villous-woolly); mid leaves lobed (lobes 3–5, terminal lobes 1–2.5 mm wide). |
Peduncles | (1–)2–4.5 cm, glabrous or ± hairy. |
(2–)3.5–8(–13) cm, ± hairy. |
Involucres | subhemispheric to campanulate, 8–11 × 12–15 mm. |
subhemispheric to hemispheric, 8–10 × 10–17 mm. |
Ray florets | 9–12; corollas yellow, 10–16 × 4–6.5 mm. |
9–14; corollas yellow, 10.2–17(–21.5) × 4–7.5(–9.2) mm. |
Disc florets | 50–125+; corollas 3.5–4.2 mm. |
30–150+; corollas 2.7–4.8 mm. |
Phyllaries | in 2 series, unequal; outer 10–12, basally connate 1/4–1/2 their lengths (moderately to strongly keeled), ovate to lanceolate, 4.5–7 mm, apices acuminate to acute; inner 13–18(–28), obovate, 4–6 mm, apices usually mucronate. |
in 2 series, unequal; outer 8–15, basally connate 1/3–1/2 their lengths (moderately to strongly keeled), lanceolate, 4.5–8.9 mm, apices acuminate to acute; inner 14–22, obovate to oblanceolate, 4.1–6.8 mm, apices acuminate to mucronate. |
Heads | 10–85+ per plant, in paniculiform to corymbiform arrays. |
(1–)7–45(–80) per plant, in paniculiform to corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | obpyramidal to narrowly obpyramidal, 2.5–3.5 mm; pappi of 5(–6) obovate, aristate scales (1.5–)2.1–2.8 mm. |
narrowly obpyramidal, 1.7–3.7 mm; pappi of 5–6(–8) obovate, aristate scales 1.3–3.3 mm. |
2n | = 30. |
= 30. |
Hymenoxys lemmonii |
Hymenoxys cooperi |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Jun–)Jul–Aug(–Sep). | Flowering May–Jun(–Sep). |
Habitat | Roadsides, open areas, meadows, on slopes, along drainages and streams | Roadsides, open areas, edges of juniper-pine forests |
Elevation | (800–)1400–2200(–3200) m ((2600–)4600–7200(–10500) ft) | (1000–)1500–2500(–3500) m ((3300–)4900–8200(–11500) ft) |
Distribution |
CA; NV; UT
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AZ; CA; ID; NV; OR; UT
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Discussion | Some plants of Hymenoxys cooperi, mostly 10–40 cm with mostly 1–6 heads, have been called var. canescens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 443. | FNA vol. 21, p. 442. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Hymenoxys | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Hymenoxys |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Picradenia lemmonii | Actinella cooperi, H. cooperi var. canescens |
Name authority | (Greene) Cockerell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 477. (1904) | (A. Gray) Cockerell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 494. (1904) |
Web links |