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alkali hymenoxys, Lemmon's bitterweed, Lemmon's goldflower, Lemmon's rubberweed, Lemmon's rubberweed or bitterweed

Pinaleno Mountain rubberweed, Pinaleno Mountains rubberweed

Habit Perennials, 30–50 cm (polycarpic; often with moderately branched, woody caudices). Perennials, 30–150 cm (polycarpic, with sparingly branched, woody caudices).
Stems

3–10(–15), green throughout or purple-red-tinted proximally, branched distally, glabrous or ± sparsely hairy.

1–3, usually purple-red-tinted proximally, branched distally, glabrous or ± hairy.

Leaves

blades simple or lobed (lobes 3–13), glabrous or sparsely hairy, gland-dotted;

mid leaves lobed (lobes 3–7, terminal lobes 1.5–2.3 mm wide).

blades simple or lobed (lobes 3–19+), glabrous or sparsely hairy, gland-dotted;

mid leaves lobed (lobes 3–19+, terminal lobes 0.7–1.3 mm wide).

Peduncles

(1–)2–4.5 cm, glabrous or ± hairy.

0.4–2 cm, glabrous or ± hairy.

Involucres

subhemispheric to campanulate, 8–11 × 12–15 mm.

campanulate to narrowly campanulate, 5–7.5 × 2.2–4.5 mm.

Ray florets

9–12;

corollas yellow, 10–16 × 4–6.5 mm.

3–5;

corollas yellow, extending beyond phyllaries, 3.4–6 × 1.7–4 mm.

Disc florets

50–125+;

corollas 3.5–4.2 mm.

6–15 (functionally staminate);

corollas 3–4 mm.

Phyllaries

in 2 series, unequal;

outer 10–12, basally connate 1/4–1/2 their lengths (moderately to strongly keeled), ovate to lanceolate, 4.5–7 mm, apices acuminate to acute;

inner 13–18(–28), obovate, 4–6 mm, apices usually mucronate.

in 2 series, unequal;

outer 3–5, basally connate 1/2–3/4 their lengths, obovate to oblanceolate, 4–6 mm, apices acuminate, acute, obtuse, or rounded;

inner 3–5, obovate to oblanceolate, 2.5–4.5 mm, apices acuminate, acute, obtuse, or rounded, sometimes mucronate.

Heads

10–85+ per plant, in paniculiform to corymbiform arrays.

25–400+ per plant, in paniculiform to corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

obpyramidal to narrowly obpyramidal, 2.5–3.5 mm;

pappi of 5(–6) obovate, aristate scales (1.5–)2.1–2.8 mm.

obconic, 1.7–3.5 mm (hairy, hairs straight or wavy);

pappi 0, or of 2–6 ± lanceolate scales 1–2.5 mm.

2n

= 30.

Hymenoxys lemmonii

Hymenoxys ambigens

Phenology Flowering (Jun–)Jul–Aug(–Sep).
Habitat Roadsides, open areas, meadows, on slopes, along drainages and streams
Elevation (800–)1400–2200(–3200) m ((2600–)4600–7200(–10500) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; NV; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Apices of inner phyllaries acuminate to mucronate; pappus scales 3–6 (sometimes 0 on disc florets); hairs on cypselae usually straight, sometimes slightly wavy; Arizona, Mescal, Pinaleno, and Santa Teresa mountains
var. ambigens
1. Apices of inner phyllaries rounded or obtuse to weakly acute or mucronate; pappus scales 0 or 2–4; hairs on cypselae moderately to strongly wavy; Arizona or New Mexico
→ 2
2. Plants 30–150 cm; outer phyllaries 3–4; hairs on cypselae strongly wavy; Arizona, Chiricahua, Dos Cabezas, Dragoon, Little Dragoon, and Mule Mountains
var. floribunda
2. Plants 30–40+ cm; outer phyllaries 5; hairs on cypselae moderately wavy; New Mexico, Animas and Peloncillo mountains
var. neomexicana
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 443. FNA vol. 21, p. 438.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Hymenoxys Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Hymenoxys
Sibling taxa
H. ambigens, H. bigelovii, H. brachyactis, H. brandegeei, H. cooperi, H. grandiflora, H. helenioides, H. hoopesii, H. jamesii, H. odorata, H. quinquesquamata, H. richardsonii, H. rusbyi, H. subintegra, H. texana, H. vaseyi
H. bigelovii, H. brachyactis, H. brandegeei, H. cooperi, H. grandiflora, H. helenioides, H. hoopesii, H. jamesii, H. lemmonii, H. odorata, H. quinquesquamata, H. richardsonii, H. rusbyi, H. subintegra, H. texana, H. vaseyi
Subordinate taxa
H. ambigens var. ambigens, H. ambigens var. floribunda, H. ambigens var. neomexicana
Synonyms Picradenia lemmonii Plummera ambigens
Name authority (Greene) Cockerell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 31: 477. (1904) (S. F. Blake) Bierner: Sida 16: 6. (1994)
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