Hymenopappus
Hymenopappus scabiosaeus
hymenopappus, woolly-whites
Carolina woollywhite, old plainsman
erect, often scapiform (1 stem per crown in biennials, usually 3+ in perennials).
mostly basal or basal and cauline; alternate;
petiolate;
blades usually 1–2+ times pinnately lobed (lobes usually ± filiform), ultimate margins usually entire, rarely toothed, faces glabrous or hairy, often tomentose, usually gland-dotted as well.
basal simple (5–20 mm wide) or 1(–2)-pinnate, 5–25 cm, lobes (3–)5–20+ × (1–)2–8+ mm;
cauline 15–50.
1–5 cm.
obconic to hemispheric, 4–15+ mm diam.
flat or convex, epaleate (except H. newberryi).
0 or 8, pistillate, fertile;
corollas white to ochroleucous.
0.
12–70+, bisexual, fertile;
corollas usually yellow to ochroleucous or whitish to purplish, tubes longer than or about equaling funnelform or abruptly dilated, campanulate throats, lobes 5 (reflexed at anthesis).
20–80;
corollas whitish, 3–5.5 mm, tubes 2–3 mm, throats funnelform, 1–3 mm, lengths ± 1 times lobes.
5–13+ in 2–3+ series, subequal, usually membranous- or scarious-margined (often yellowish, whitish, or purplish).
white to yellowish, 5–15 × 2–8 mm.
radiate or discoid, in ± corymbiform arrays.
(20–)40–100 per stem.
obpyramidal (4-, sometimes 5-angled, each face usually 1–4-ribbed, glabrous or hirtellous to villous);
pappi 0 or of 12–22 orbiculate to spatulate scales.
3–5 mm, ± hirtellous;
pappi of 14–18 scales 0.1–1 mm.
= 17.
Hymenopappus
Hymenopappus scabiosaeus
Species 11 (10 in the flora).
My treatment of Hymenopappus is essentially an adaptation of that by B. L. Turner (1956).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).
Morphologic distinctions between varieties of Hymenopappus scabiosaeus as treated by B. L. Turner (1956) fail for some specimens.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Perennials (usually 3+ aerial stems from crown); cauline leaves mostly 0–12; heads 1–20(–50) per stem; disc corolla throat lengths 2–8 times lobes | → 2 |
1. Biennials (usually 1 stem from crown); cauline leaves (2–)10–100; heads (15–)20–200 per stem; disc corolla throat lengths 1–2(–3) times lobes | → 5 |
2. Ray florets 8 | → 3 |
2. Ray florets 0 | → 4 |
3. Basal leaves 12–25 cm; peduncles 6–15 cm; pappi 0, or 0.01–0.1 mm (receptacles paleate) | H. newberryi |
3. Basal leaves 8–14 cm; peduncles 3–8 cm; pappi 0.4–0.6 mm | H. radiatus |
4. Leaf blades simple or 1-pinnate; cypselae glabrous or sparsely hirtellous | H. mexicanus |
4. Leaf blades 2-pinnate; cypselae hirtellous to villous | H. filifolius |
5. Ray florets 8 | H. biennis |
5. Ray florets 0 | → 6 |
6. Basal leaves simple or 1–2-pinnate, lobes (1–)5–30 mm wide; disc corollas whitish or purplish (not yellowish), tubes 2–3 mm | → 7 |
6. Basal leaves 2-pinnate, lobes 0.5–6 mm wide; disc corollas whitish or yellowish, tubes 1.5–2.2 mm | → 8 |
7. Basal leaves simple or 1-pinnate; disc corollas usually purplish, rarely whitish; pappi 0.3–2 mm | H. artemisiifolius |
7. Basal leaves 1–2-pinnate; disc corollas whitish; pappi 0.1–1 mm | H. scabiosaeus |
8. Lobes of basal leaves 1–6 mm wide; disc corollas yellowish; pappi 0.5–1.5 mm | H. flavescens |
8. Lobes of basal leaves 0.5–1.5 mm wide; disc corollas whitish; pappi 1–1.5(–2) mm | → 9 |
9. Disc corollas 3–4 mm, throats ± funnelform | H. carrizoanus |
9. Disc corollas 2.5–3 mm, throats ± campanulate | H. tenuifolius |
1. Peduncles usually subtended by ± membranous bracts 5–14 × 3–10 mm; phyllaries whitish, 7–15 × 4–8 mm | var. scabiosaeus |
1. Peduncles not subtended by bracts, or bracts not membranous, 3–5+ × 1–3+ mm; phyllaries whitish to yellowish, 5–9 × 2–4 mm | var. corymbosus |
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