Flora of North America species comparison

climbing, sometimes trailing and forming loose nonflowering mats.

exfoliating in grayish or reddish brown sheets, strips, or strings.

spreading laterally or declining;

twigs glabrous or with simple trichomes.

usually opposite, sometimes whorled [alternate], simple;

stipules absent;

petiole present or absent;

blade sometimes palmately lobed, margins entire, serrate, serrulate, dentate, denticulate, or crenate;

venation pinnate or acrodromous (Fendlera, Fendlerella, Philadelphus, Whipplea).

deciduous or semideciduous, opposite;

petiole present;

blade ovate, elliptic, obovate, oblanceolate, subround, or round, herbaceous, margins usually entire, rarely dentate or lobed, plane;

venation pinnate.

terminal or axillary, cymes, panicles, racemes, or corymbs, or flowers solitary.

terminal, on shoots of the season, corymbs, (20–)50–100-flowered;

peduncle present.

present.

bisexual [unisexual], or sometimes marginal ones sterile, radially symmetric (bisexual ones) or bilaterally symmetric with enlarged petaloid sepals (sterile ones);

perianth and androecium nearly hypogynous, perigynous, or epigynous;

hypanthium completely adnate to ovary or adnate to ovary proximally, free distally;

sepals 4–12, distinct or connate basally;

petals 4–12, connate basally [entirely, then calyptrate];

nectary usually present, rarely absent;

stamens 8–200, usually distinct, sometimes connate proximally, free;

anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits;

pistil 1, 2–12-carpellate, ovary less than 1/2 inferior, 1/2 inferior, or completely inferior, 1–12-locular, placentation usually axile proximally, parietal distally, rarely strictly axile or parietal;

ovules 1–50 per locule, anatropous;

styles 1–12, distinct or connate proximally to most of length;

stigmas (1–)2–12.

bisexual;

perianth and androecium epigynous;

hypanthium completely adnate to ovary, turbinate, strongly 7–12-ribbed in fruit;

sepals persistent, 7–12, erect, triangular, glabrous;

petals 7–12, valvate, spreading, white, lanceolate, elliptic, or oblong, base essentially sessile, surfaces glabrous;

stamens 20–30;

filaments distinct, dorsiventrally flattened, linear, tapering abruptly just proximal to apex, apex not 2-lobed;

anthers suborbiculate to ovate;

pistil 6–12-carpellate, ovary completely inferior, 6–12-locular;

placentation axile proximally, parietal distally;

style persistent, 1.

capsules [berries], dehiscence septicidal, loculicidal, interstylar, or intercostal.

turbinate, cartilaginous, dehiscence intercostal, lateral walls separating from ribs, eventually leaving cagelike remnants.

1–50 per locule, funicular appendage present (Fendlerella, Whipplea) or absent.

10–20 per locule, yellow, fusiform.

vines.

= 14.