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Santa Lucia horkelia, Yadon's or Santa Lucia horkelia

Habit Plants forming tufts or mats, green to grayish, obscurely (and minutely) glandular, resinously aromatic, often strongly so. Plants tufted to matted, ± grayish green.
Stems

decumbent or ascending to erect, (0.5–)1–10(–12) dm.

ascending to erect, (0.5–)2–6(–7) dm, hairs spreading.

Basal leaves

usually planar, sometimes ± cylindric;

stipules usually entire, sometimes basally lobed;

leaflets (1–)3–16(–20) per side, separate to overlapping, divided ± 1/6–3/4+ to midrib into 3–30(–60) teeth or lobes not restricted to apex.

± planar, (3–)6–20(–32) × 0.5–1.5(–2) cm;

stipules entire;

leaflets 7–16 per side, separate to ± overlapping especially distally, broadly cuneate to nearly round, (3–)4–15(–17) × (2–)5–12 mm, 3/4 to nearly as wide as long, divided 1/5–1/2 to midrib into (3–)8–15(–30) acute to obtuse teeth, often medially notched as well 1/3–2/3 to midrib, villous.

Cauline leaves

3–5.

Inflorescences

open to congested, flowers arranged individually, in usually non-capitate glomerules, and/or in corymbiform clusters.

open, flowers arranged individually and in glomerules.

Pedicels

remaining straight, 1–30(–40) mm.

1–7(–20) mm.

Flowers

epicalyx bractlets narrowly elliptic-lanceolate to broadly ovate, 0.5–3 mm wide, usually entire, sometimes toothed;

hypanthium interior pilose or glabrous;

sepals acute;

petals white, oblong-oblanceolate to round, apex obtuse to truncate to emarginate;

filaments white, glabrous, anthers longer than wide;

carpels 10–200(–220).

8–12 mm diam.;

epicalyx bractlets lanceolate to ovate, 1.5–4.5 × 1–2(–2.5) mm, 1/2–3/4 length of sepals, entire;

hypanthium 1.5–3 × 3–6.5 mm, less than 1/2 as deep as wide, interior sparsely pilose;

sepals spreading to ± reflexed, lanceolate, (3–)4–6.5 mm;

petals broadly oblanceolate-elliptic, 3–5.5 × 2–3 mm, apex truncate;

filaments 1–2 × 0.5–1 mm, anthers 0.8–1.2 mm;

carpels 20–60;

styles 2.5–3 mm.

Achenes

0.8–2 mm, usually smooth or slightly rugose, sometimes merely roughened.

brown, 1.5 mm, smooth.

Horkelia sect. Horkelia

Horkelia yadonii

Phenology Flowering summer.
Habitat Granitic sand, meadows, along stream banks, in chaparral, conifer woodlands
Elevation 300–1900 m (1000–6200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; nw Mexico
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 9 (9 in the flora).

Section Horkelia encompasses the species that are most commonly encountered in heavily populated areas of California. Plants are notably glandular-viscid (unless obscured by dense vestiture) and have a distinctive resinous odor.

Previous revisions (for example, P. A. Rydberg 1908c; D. D. Keck 1938) have placed Horkelia frondosa (here treated as H. californica var. frondosa) at the beginning, implying that this is the least derived expression within the genus. Such an assumption is based on its gross resemblance to sympatric members of Drymocallis; molecular evidence (T. Eriksson et al. 1998; M. Lundberg et al. 2009; C. Dobeš and J. Paule 2010) confirms that this similarity is superficial. If, as speculated above, species composing sect. Hispidulae are relicts of the original radiation, then H. californica var. frondosa is actually one of the more derived members of the genus. Species within sect. Horkelia have been ordered here according to that interpretation.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Horkelia yadonii is known only from localized populations in the La Panza, San Rafael, and Santa Lucia ranges of Monterey, San Luis Obispo, and Santa Barbara counties. The isolated populations often differ in such characters as general size, leaf proportions, and shape of epicalyx bractlets. The most distinctive extreme, in Monterey County, is characterized by relatively long, narrow leaves, small, few-toothed leaflets, long pedicels, few small flowers, and ovate bractlets. These differences, however, are not consistently or sharply defined.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaflets 1–3 per side, sparsely short-pilose to glabrate, (15–)20–30-toothed 1/6–1/4 to midrib; petals obovate to round, (3–)4–7 mm wide.
H. truncata
1. Leaflets (3–)5–16(–20) per side, hairy, 3–15(–30)-toothed or -lobed (collectively 10–60-toothed in H. californica) 1/6–3/4+ to midrib; petals narrowly obovate or oblanceolate to elliptic or oblong, 1–3(–4) mm wide
→ 2
2. Hypanthia 3–5.5 mm, 1/2 to nearly as deep as wide; epicalyx bractlets 4–6(–8) mm, ± equal to sepals, entire or toothed.
H. californica
2. Hypanthia 1–2(–3) mm, less than 1/2 as deep as wide (except H. clevelandii); epicalyx bractlets 1–4(–5) mm, shorter than sepals, entire
→ 3
3. Leaflets ± elliptic to obovate, divided less than 1/3 to midrib into (5–)10–15 teeth; epicalyx bractlets 1.5–3 mm wide.
H. cuneata
3. Leaflets cuneate or flabellate to ovate or nearly round, divided (1/5–)1/3–3/4+ to midrib into 3–10(–30 in H. yadonii) teeth or lobes; epicalyx bractlets 0.5–2(–2.5) mm wide
→ 4
4. Stems ± decumbent to ascending, 1–3.5(–4.5) dm; leaflets 5–10(–12) per side, cuneate, ± overlapping; inflorescences usually congested; plants matted; coastal.
H. marinensis
4. Stems ascending to erect, (0.5–)1–7 dm; leaflets 6–16(–20) per side, cuneate to flabellate or nearly round, separate to ± overlapping; inflorescences open to ± congested; plants tufted to matted; coastal or interior
→ 5
5. Epicalyx bractlets 1–2(–2.5) mm wide, lanceolate to ovate; anthers 0.8–1.2 mm; hypanthia 3–6.5 mm diam.
H. yadonii
5. Epicalyx bractlets 0.5–1(–1.5) mm wide, narrowly elliptic to broadly lanceolate; anthers 0.4–1 mm; hypanthia 2–4.5(–6) mm diam
→ 6
6. Stems: hairs ascending to appressed; plants usually grayish to grayish green; hypanthium interior pilose
→ 7
6. Stems: hairs ± spreading; plants green to grayish; hypanthium interior glabrous or pilose
→ 8
7. Carpels 20–50(–120); styles 2–4 mm; basal leaves (4–)8–20(–30) cm; Transverse Ranges, s California.
H. rydbergii
7. Carpels 10–20(–27); styles (1–)1.5–2 mm; basal leaves 3–8(–9) cm; Coast Ranges, n California.
H. bolanderi
8. Leaflets divided 1/2–3/4+ to midrib into linear to narrowly oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic lobes; hypanthium interior pilose; n Coast Ranges, California.
H. tenuiloba
8. Leaflets divided 1/3 to midrib into acute to obtuse teeth; hypanthium interior glabrous; Peninsular Ranges, s California.
H. clevelandii
Source FNA vol. 9, p. 250. FNA vol. 9, p. 253.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Horkelia Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Horkelia > sect. Horkelia
Sibling taxa
H. bolanderi, H. californica, H. clevelandii, H. congesta, H. cuneata, H. daucifolia, H. fusca, H. hendersonii, H. hispidula, H. howellii, H. marinensis, H. parryi, H. rydbergii, H. sericata, H. tenuiloba, H. tridentata, H. truncata, H. tularensis, H. wilderae
Subordinate taxa
H. bolanderi, H. californica, H. clevelandii, H. cuneata, H. marinensis, H. rydbergii, H. tenuiloba, H. truncata, H. yadonii
Synonyms H. unranked Californicae, H. section Californicae, H. unranked Cuneatae, H. section Cuneatae, H. unranked Tenuilobae, H. section Tenuilobae
Name authority unknown Ertter: Syst. Bot. 18: 139, fig. 2. (1993)
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