Hieracium venosum |
Hieracium vulgatum |
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rattlesnake hawkweed, rattlesnake weed |
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Habit | Plants ca. 45 cm. | Plants 30–60(–100+) cm. |
Stems | proximally piloso-hirsute (hairs 1–3+ mm) to glabrate, distally usually glabrous, rarely piloso-hirsute. |
proximally piloso-hirsute (hairs 1–3+ mm), distally stellate-pubescent and stipitate-glandular, sometimes piloso-hirsute as well (hairs 1–2+ mm). |
Leaves | basal 3–6+, cauline 0–1+; blades obovate or elliptic to oblanceolate, 40–60(–120) × 15–35(–50+) mm, lengths 2–3(–4) times widths, bases cuneate, margins usually entire, sometimes denticulate, apices rounded to acute, abaxial faces piloso-hirsute (hairs 2–5 mm) and stellate-pubescent, adaxial glabrous or piloso-hirsute (mostly near margins, hairs 2–3 mm). |
basal 3–8+, cauline 1–5+; blades (often purple-mottled) lance-elliptic to lanceolate, 50–100 × 10–50+ mm, lengths 2–5 times widths, bases usually cuneate, sometimes rounded to truncate, margins ± dentate or entire, apices acute, faces usually ± piloso-hirsute (at least near margins, hairs 1–3+ mm), sometimes glabrate. |
Peduncles | usually stipitate-glandular, rarely glabrous or glabrate. |
stellate-pubescent and stipitate-glandular. |
Involucres | obconic to campanulate, 7–9 mm. |
± obconic, 8–10 mm. |
Florets | 30–45+; corollas yellow (sometimes pale), 7–11 mm. |
40–80+; corollas yellow, 13–18 mm. |
Phyllaries | 12–13+, apices acute, abaxial faces usually stellate-pubescent and stipitate-glandular, rarely glabrous. |
ca. 21+, apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces stellate-pubescent and stipitate-glandular. |
Calyculi | bractlets 6–10+. |
bractlets 13–16+. |
Heads | 4–10(–20+) in corymbiform to paniculiform arrays. |
(1–)3–9+ in corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | (usually black, sometimes red-brown) columnar, 3–4 mm; pappi of ca. 50+, stramineous bristles in ± 2 series, 4–5 mm. |
columnar, 2.5–3 mm; pappi of 30–40+, stramineous bristles in ± 2 series, ca. 5 mm. |
Hieracium venosum |
Hieracium vulgatum |
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Phenology | Flowering (Apr–)May–Jul(–Sep). | Flowering (Jun–)Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Openings in forests, sandy hillsides | Disturbed sites, openings in thickets |
Elevation | 10–300 m (0–1000 ft) | 10–100+ m (0–300+ ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV; ON
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CT; DE; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; OR; PA; RI; VT; WA; WI; BC; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; Greenland; Europe
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Discussion | Plants of Hieracium venosum with adaxial faces of leaf blades glabrous have been called var. nudicaule. The type of Hieracium marianum Willdenow may have resulted from a cross between plants of H. venosum and H. gronovii or H. scabrum (M. L. Fernald 1943c). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The correct name for the species here called Hieracium vulgatum may be H. lachenallii C. C. Gmelin (E. Lepage 1971; E. G. Voss 1972–1996, vol. 3). Plants of H. groenlandicum (stems mostly piloso-hirsute and not stipitate-glandular, corolla lobes distally ciliate) are sometimes treated as distinct from H. vulgatum in a narrow sense (stems usually stipitate-glandular and not piloso-hirsute, corolla lobes not ciliate distally). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 292. | FNA vol. 19, p. 291. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Hieracium | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Hieracium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. venosum var. nudicaule | H. amitsokense, H. groenlandicum, H. ivigtutense, H. scholanderi, H. sylowii |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 800. (1753) | Fries: Fl. Hall., 128. (1819) |
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