Hibiscus trionum |
Hibiscus coulteri |
|
---|---|---|
bladder ketmia, flower-of-an-hour, ketmie trilobée, modesty, rosemallow, Venice mallow, Venice rose-mallow |
Coulter's hibiscus, desert rose-mallow |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, to 0.6(–1) m, herbage throughout with mixture of coarse, simple or few-armed stellate hairs and fine, many-armed stellate hairs. | Subshrubs, to 2 m, herbage with appressed-stellate and simple hairs throughout. |
Stems | also with line of fine, curved hairs extending from node to node. |
stellate hairs of younger stems dense, appressed, 4-armed, arms approximate in pairs, aligned with stem axis, lines of fine, curved hairs absent or obscured; older growth grayish, rough, glabrescent. |
Leaves | linear, 1–2.5 cm, margins ± ciliate. |
stipules linear-subulate, 3–10 mm; petiole primarily in distal 1/2, sometimes themselves shallowly pinnately lobed, surfaces scabridulous, hairs appressed-stellate, obscure nectary present abaxially on midvein near base. |
Inflorescences | solitary flowers in axils of distal leaves. |
|
Pedicels | jointed below apices, to 17 cm, usually much exceeding subtending leaves; involucellar bractlets 8–14, linear-subulate, 1–2 cm, margins ciliate. |
|
Flowers | lasting a few hours, ascending or erect; calyx divided 1/2 length, campanulate, 0.8–1.8 cm, accrescent and conspicuously inflating to enclose fruit, becoming scarious, primary veins zigzag, lobes broadly trullate, apices acute, nectaries absent; corolla rotate, petals yellow or cream with conspicuous purple-brown spot basally, purplish abaxially where exposed in bud, obovate to broadly obovate, 1.5–3(–4) × 1–2(–3) cm, apical margins repand, finely hairy abaxially where exposed in bud; staminal column dark red to purple, 0.4–0.7(–1.1) cm, abruptly expanded below to form cup over ovary, bearing filaments in distal 1/2, free portion of filaments not secund, 2–3(–5) mm; pollen yellow-orange; styles usually white to cream, yellowish, or maroon, 2–3(–6) mm; stigmas dark red to purple. |
erect or ascending; calyx divided 3/4+ length, funnelform, 1.4–2.2 cm, equaling or slightly exceeding involucel, lobes narrowly lanceolate-triangular, margins ciliate, apices attenuate, nectaries absent; corolla rotate, petals yellow to cream, usually with dark to obscure maroon lines basally, asymmetrically obovate to broadly obovate, 1.6–4 × 1–3.5 cm, margins ± entire, sparingly hairy abaxially where exposed in bud; staminal column straight, yellow or cream, 0.6–1.4 cm, bearing filaments throughout, free portion of filaments not secund, 1–3 mm; pollen yellow-orange; styles cream, 1.5–5 mm; stigmas maroon or cream. |
Capsules | dark brown-black, ellipsoid to ovoid, 1.2–1.5 cm, apex obtuse to broadly acute, hairy. |
pale olivaceous gray with darker median stripe on each valve, ovoid or ellipsoid, 0.7–1.7 cm, to 2/3 calyces, apex rounded, hairy near apex or glabrous throughout. |
Seeds | dark gray-brown, reniform-ovoid, somewhat depressed laterally, 2–2.5 mm, sparingly and minutely papillose. |
dark brown, angulately reniform-ovoid, 2.4–3 mm, silky-hairy ± throughout. |
2n | = 28, 56 (both cultivars). |
|
Hibiscus trionum |
Hibiscus coulteri |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Nov. | Flowering nearly year-round. |
Habitat | Cultivated and waste places | Desert, rocky slopes |
Elevation | 10–1800 m (0–5900 ft) | 600–1600 m (2000–5200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Eurasia; Africa; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in West Indies (Jamaica)]
|
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Sonora, Zacatecas)
|
Discussion | Hibiscus trionum is occasionally cultivated. It is native in Africa, Eurasia, and perhaps also in parts of New Zealand and Australia, where both diploids and tetraploids occur (B. G. Murray et al. 2008). Most wild plants in North America have low, widely spreading branches; some cultivated forms are strictly erect and much taller than the weedy forms. Three species have been segregated from Hibiscus trionum in Australia and New Zealand (L. A. Craven et al. 2011), and the name H. trionum has now been lectotypified (D. Iamonico and L. Peruzzi 2014). A further splitting of the species in other parts of its range might consequently affect the name of plants in the flora area. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hibiscus coulteri has been recorded in the southern half of Arizona; in Otero County, New Mexico; and in the region west of the Pecos River in Texas. A naturally occurring hybrid between Hibiscus coulteri and H. denudatus (Hibiscus ×sabei Weckesser) has recently been documented from western Texas (W. Weckesser 2011). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 266. | FNA vol. 6, p. 256. |
Parent taxa | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Hibiscus | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Hibiscus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 697. (1753) | Harvey ex A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 23. (1852) |
Web links |
|