Hibiscus schizopetalus |
Hibiscus furcellatus |
|
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Chinese lantern, fringe rose-mallow or hibiscus, fringe rosemallow |
lindenleaf rosemallow |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees, to 3(–5) m. Stems: new growth essentially glabrous, lines of curved hairs absent. | Herbs, perennial, or subshrubs, to 2(–4) m, herbage densely stellate-tomentulose throughout. |
Stems | sometimes also with longer, stiff, simple hairs, fine, curved hairs absent or obscured. |
|
Leaves | stipules narrowly triangular, 1–2.5 mm; petiole to 1/3 blade, adaxial groove hairy with minute, ± sinuous hairs; blade lanceolate-ovate to ovate, unlobed, 3.5–10.5 × 1.5–4 cm, base rounded to cuneate, margins coarsely serrate in distal 2/3–3/4, apex acute to short-acuminate, ± pinnately veined, surfaces glabrate, nectary present abaxially on midvein near base. |
stipules linear, 3–10 mm; petiole 2/3 to equaling blade, shorter in inflorescence, fine, curved hairs absent or obscured adaxially; blade somewhat discolorous, broadly to transversely ovate, unlobed or shallowly 3(–5)-lobed, rarely proximalmost deeply 5–7-lobed, mostly 6.5–11 × 6–12 cm, base cordate, often deeply so, margins unevenly serrate or crenate-serrate, apex broadly acute to short-acuminate, lobes broadly triangular, surfaces stellate-tomentulose, slitlike nectary present abaxially at or near base of midvein. |
Inflorescences | solitary flowers in axils of distal leaves. |
solitary flowers in axils of distal leaves, sometimes appearing racemose by reduction of subtending leaves. |
Pedicels | jointed at middle or distally, 7.5–15 cm; involucellar bractlets 6–8, triangular, 0.06–0.18 cm, margins not ciliate. |
jointed at bases, to 2.5 cm, shorter than subtending petioles; involucellar bractlets 9–12, sometimes wide-spreading, terete, 0.8–1.6 cm, margins minutely pubescent, setose, apex 2-fid or appendaged, sometimes obscurely so. |
Flowers | pendulous; calyx divided 1/8–1/2 length, often 3-lobed, tubular to narrowly funnelform, (1–)1.4–2 cm, lobes broadly triangular, apices acute to obtuse, glabrate, neither accrescent nor inflated, nectaries absent; petals strongly recurved, rose-pink to red, darker on veins, broadly to narrowly obovate, deeply and irregularly pinnatifid-laciniate, 4–6.5 × 1.5–3.5 cm, glabrous; staminal column straight or curved apically, pendulous, pink to red, 5.5–9 cm, bearing filaments in distal 1/3–1/2, free portion of filaments not secund, 4.5–7.5 mm; pollen yellow; styles pink to red, 7–15 mm; stigmas pink to red. |
horizontal or declinate; calyx divided 1/2–2/3 length, campanulate, 1.5–2.4 cm, enlarging in fruit, lobes triangular, with 3 prominent ribs, 2 marginal, 1 medial, medial bearing conspicuous nectary, apices acute or acuminate, variously invested with both minute, stellate hairs and hispid with much larger, simple or stellate, pustular-based hairs, latter often largely confined to veins; corolla narrowly funnelform, petals pink, maroon at base, obliquely obovate, 5.5–9.5 × 2.5–4.5 cm, margins entire to repand or crenate, finely hairy abaxially where exposed in bud; staminal column straight, maroon, 3–4.5 cm, bearing filaments ± throughout, free portion of filaments not secund, 0.5–1.5 mm; pollen maroon; styles dark maroon, 1–3 mm; stigmas dark maroon. |
Capsules | brown, oblong-cylindric, 3.5–4 cm, glabrous or puberulent. |
brown, ovoid, 2–2.5 cm, apex acute and apiculate or acuminate, surface obscured by pale yellowish, simple, dense, antrorsely appressed hairs. |
Seeds | brown, angulately reniform-ovoid, 2–3 mm, smooth, glabrous or puberulent. |
olivaceous brown to reddish or purplish brown, angulately reniform-ovoid, 2.8–3.8 mm, glabrous. |
2n | = 34, 40, 42, 45 (all cultivars). |
= 72. |
Hibiscus schizopetalus |
Hibiscus furcellatus |
|
Phenology | Flowering year-round. | Flowering year-round. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites | Freshwater marshes, pine flatwoods, sand pine scrub, fill, canal margins, waste areas |
Elevation | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) |
Distribution |
FL; e Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, s Asia, elsewhere in Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia] |
FL; HI; s Mexico; West Indies; Central America (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama); n South America; c South America |
Discussion | Apparently native only in Kenya, Tanzania, and perhaps Mozambique, Hibiscus schizopetalus is widely cultivated in the Tropics and occasionally escapes. The occurrence in many H. rosa-sinensis cultivars of semipendulous, long-pedicelled flowers with variously crenate, undulate petals suggests the involvement of H. schizopetalus. Hybrids between H. schizopetalus and H. rosa-sinensis can be called H. ×archeri W. Watson. Typification of H. schizopetalus was discussed by M. Cheek (1989). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hibiscus furcellatus is found primarily in counties along the central and southern parts of Florida’s Atlantic coast, although there are a few inland records as well. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 261. | FNA vol. 6, p. 259. |
Parent taxa | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Hibiscus | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Hibiscus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. rosa-sinensis var. schizopetalus | |
Name authority | (Dyer) Hooker f.: Bot. Mag. 106: plate 6524. (1880) | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 3: 358. (1789) |
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