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Coulter's hibiscus, desert rose-mallow

heartleaf rose-mallow

Habit Subshrubs, to 2 m, herbage with appressed-stellate and simple hairs throughout. Subshrubs, to 1.5 m, herbage stellate-tomentose throughout, lines of fine curved hairs absent or obscured.
Stems

stellate hairs of younger stems dense, appressed, 4-armed, arms approximate in pairs, aligned with stem axis, lines of fine, curved hairs absent or obscured;

older growth grayish, rough, glabrescent.

older twigs gray, glabrescent.

Leaves

stipules linear-subulate, 3–10 mm;

petiole primarily in distal 1/2, sometimes themselves shallowly pinnately lobed, surfaces scabridulous, hairs appressed-stellate, obscure nectary present abaxially on midvein near base.

stipules linear-lanceolate, (2–)3–7(–10) mm;

petiole subequal to blade, adaxial fine curved hairs absent or obscured;

blade markedly discolorous, broadly ovate, unlobed or shallowly 3-angulate-lobate, 2–8 × 2–8.5 cm, base cordate, margins irregularly dentate or dentate-serrate, apex broadly acute to rounded, surfaces densely tomentose abaxially, less so adaxially, inconspicuous nectary abaxially on midvein near base.

Inflorescences

solitary flowers in axils of distal leaves.

solitary flowers in axils of distal leaves.

Pedicels

jointed below apices, to 17 cm, usually much exceeding subtending leaves;

involucellar bractlets 8–14, linear-subulate, 1–2 cm, margins ciliate.

jointed below apices, 4–10 cm, exceeding subtending petioles, elongating in fruit;

involucellar bractlets (7 or)8–10, narrowly rhombic-elliptic, 1.2–2(–2.4) cm, enlarging in fruit, margins not or inconspicuously ciliate.

Flowers

erect or ascending;

calyx divided 3/4+ length, funnelform, 1.4–2.2 cm, equaling or slightly exceeding involucel, lobes narrowly lanceolate-triangular, margins ciliate, apices attenuate, nectaries absent;

corolla rotate, petals yellow to cream, usually with dark to obscure maroon lines basally, asymmetrically obovate to broadly obovate, 1.6–4 × 1–3.5 cm, margins ± entire, sparingly hairy abaxially where exposed in bud;

staminal column straight, yellow or cream, 0.6–1.4 cm, bearing filaments throughout, free portion of filaments not secund, 1–3 mm;

pollen yellow-orange;

styles cream, 1.5–5 mm;

stigmas maroon or cream.

horizontal or ascending;

calyx rotate to campanulate, lobed nearly to base, 1.4–2.4(–2.7) cm, larger in fruit, lobes narrowly triangular-ovate, apices acute to short-acuminate, nectaries absent;

corolla rotate to campanulate, petals bright red, asymmetrically obovate, 1.5–3 × 0.9–2.1 cm, margins ± entire, sometimes undulate, finely hairy abaxially where exposed in bud;

staminal column somewhat declinate, bright red, 0.9–1.4 cm, bearing filaments throughout, free portion of filaments secund, 1–5 mm;

pollen yellow-orange;

styles red, 2–7 mm;

stigmas red.

Capsules

pale olivaceous gray with darker median stripe on each valve, ovoid or ellipsoid, 0.7–1.7 cm, to 2/3 calyces, apex rounded, hairy near apex or glabrous throughout.

yellowish brown, ovoid, 1.2–2 cm, apex apiculate, glabrous or with minute hairs near apex and on sutures.

Seeds

dark brown, angulately reniform-ovoid, 2.4–3 mm, silky-hairy ± throughout.

dark brown, angulately reniform-ovoid, 3–4 mm, stellate-hairy throughout.

2n

= 22 (Mexico: Nuevo León).

Hibiscus coulteri

Hibiscus martianus

Phenology Flowering nearly year-round. Flowering year-round.
Habitat Desert, rocky slopes Dry, often rocky thorn-scrub and open woodlands
Elevation 600–1600 m (2000–5200 ft) 10–800 m (0–2600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Sonora, Zacatecas)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Hibiscus coulteri has been recorded in the southern half of Arizona; in Otero County, New Mexico; and in the region west of the Pecos River in Texas.

A naturally occurring hybrid between Hibiscus coulteri and H. denudatus (Hibiscus ×sabei Weckesser) has recently been documented from western Texas (W. Weckesser 2011).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In Texas, Hibiscus martianus occurs from the Big Bend region to the southernmost Gulf Coast, mostly in counties bordering or near the Rio Grande.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 256. FNA vol. 6, p. 258.
Parent taxa Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Hibiscus Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Hibiscus
Sibling taxa
H. acetosella, H. aculeatus, H. biseptus, H. clypeatus, H. coccineus, H. dasycalyx, H. denudatus, H. furcellatus, H. grandiflorus, H. laevis, H. martianus, H. moscheutos, H. mutabilis, H. poeppigii, H. radiatus, H. rosa-sinensis, H. schizopetalus, H. striatus, H. syriacus, H. trionum
H. acetosella, H. aculeatus, H. biseptus, H. clypeatus, H. coccineus, H. coulteri, H. dasycalyx, H. denudatus, H. furcellatus, H. grandiflorus, H. laevis, H. moscheutos, H. mutabilis, H. poeppigii, H. radiatus, H. rosa-sinensis, H. schizopetalus, H. striatus, H. syriacus, H. trionum
Synonyms H. cardiophyllus
Name authority Harvey ex A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 23. (1852) Zuccarini: Linnaea 24: 193. (1851)
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