Hibiscus coulteri |
Hibiscus martianus |
|
---|---|---|
Coulter's hibiscus, desert rose-mallow |
heartleaf rose-mallow |
|
Habit | Subshrubs, to 2 m, herbage with appressed-stellate and simple hairs throughout. | Subshrubs, to 1.5 m, herbage stellate-tomentose throughout, lines of fine curved hairs absent or obscured. |
Stems | stellate hairs of younger stems dense, appressed, 4-armed, arms approximate in pairs, aligned with stem axis, lines of fine, curved hairs absent or obscured; older growth grayish, rough, glabrescent. |
older twigs gray, glabrescent. |
Leaves | stipules linear-subulate, 3–10 mm; petiole primarily in distal 1/2, sometimes themselves shallowly pinnately lobed, surfaces scabridulous, hairs appressed-stellate, obscure nectary present abaxially on midvein near base. |
stipules linear-lanceolate, (2–)3–7(–10) mm; petiole subequal to blade, adaxial fine curved hairs absent or obscured; blade markedly discolorous, broadly ovate, unlobed or shallowly 3-angulate-lobate, 2–8 × 2–8.5 cm, base cordate, margins irregularly dentate or dentate-serrate, apex broadly acute to rounded, surfaces densely tomentose abaxially, less so adaxially, inconspicuous nectary abaxially on midvein near base. |
Inflorescences | solitary flowers in axils of distal leaves. |
solitary flowers in axils of distal leaves. |
Pedicels | jointed below apices, to 17 cm, usually much exceeding subtending leaves; involucellar bractlets 8–14, linear-subulate, 1–2 cm, margins ciliate. |
jointed below apices, 4–10 cm, exceeding subtending petioles, elongating in fruit; involucellar bractlets (7 or)8–10, narrowly rhombic-elliptic, 1.2–2(–2.4) cm, enlarging in fruit, margins not or inconspicuously ciliate. |
Flowers | erect or ascending; calyx divided 3/4+ length, funnelform, 1.4–2.2 cm, equaling or slightly exceeding involucel, lobes narrowly lanceolate-triangular, margins ciliate, apices attenuate, nectaries absent; corolla rotate, petals yellow to cream, usually with dark to obscure maroon lines basally, asymmetrically obovate to broadly obovate, 1.6–4 × 1–3.5 cm, margins ± entire, sparingly hairy abaxially where exposed in bud; staminal column straight, yellow or cream, 0.6–1.4 cm, bearing filaments throughout, free portion of filaments not secund, 1–3 mm; pollen yellow-orange; styles cream, 1.5–5 mm; stigmas maroon or cream. |
horizontal or ascending; calyx rotate to campanulate, lobed nearly to base, 1.4–2.4(–2.7) cm, larger in fruit, lobes narrowly triangular-ovate, apices acute to short-acuminate, nectaries absent; corolla rotate to campanulate, petals bright red, asymmetrically obovate, 1.5–3 × 0.9–2.1 cm, margins ± entire, sometimes undulate, finely hairy abaxially where exposed in bud; staminal column somewhat declinate, bright red, 0.9–1.4 cm, bearing filaments throughout, free portion of filaments secund, 1–5 mm; pollen yellow-orange; styles red, 2–7 mm; stigmas red. |
Capsules | pale olivaceous gray with darker median stripe on each valve, ovoid or ellipsoid, 0.7–1.7 cm, to 2/3 calyces, apex rounded, hairy near apex or glabrous throughout. |
yellowish brown, ovoid, 1.2–2 cm, apex apiculate, glabrous or with minute hairs near apex and on sutures. |
Seeds | dark brown, angulately reniform-ovoid, 2.4–3 mm, silky-hairy ± throughout. |
dark brown, angulately reniform-ovoid, 3–4 mm, stellate-hairy throughout. |
2n | = 22 (Mexico: Nuevo León). |
|
Hibiscus coulteri |
Hibiscus martianus |
|
Phenology | Flowering nearly year-round. | Flowering year-round. |
Habitat | Desert, rocky slopes | Dry, often rocky thorn-scrub and open woodlands |
Elevation | 600–1600 m (2000–5200 ft) | 10–800 m (0–2600 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Sonora, Zacatecas)
|
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas) |
Discussion | Hibiscus coulteri has been recorded in the southern half of Arizona; in Otero County, New Mexico; and in the region west of the Pecos River in Texas. A naturally occurring hybrid between Hibiscus coulteri and H. denudatus (Hibiscus ×sabei Weckesser) has recently been documented from western Texas (W. Weckesser 2011). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In Texas, Hibiscus martianus occurs from the Big Bend region to the southernmost Gulf Coast, mostly in counties bordering or near the Rio Grande. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 256. | FNA vol. 6, p. 258. |
Parent taxa | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Hibiscus | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Hibiscus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. cardiophyllus | |
Name authority | Harvey ex A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 23. (1852) | Zuccarini: Linnaea 24: 193. (1851) |
Web links |