Flora of North America species comparison

submersed with elongate internodes, or emersed and procumbent.

submersed and growing to surface, or emersed and procumbent or short.

1–9 cm, distal internode 0.5–4 cm.

submersed and growing to water surface, or emersed.

spicate, 2–8-flowered, elongating in 1 day, usually shorter than spathes, terminal flower sometimes extending beyond spathe apex;

spathes 0.8–5.5 cm, glabrous;

peduncle 0.5–4.2 cm, glabrous.

spicate or solitary, 1–30-flowered, elongating over 1–several days;

spathes folded or clasping, with acute to caudate apex, or rarely expanded leaflike extension.

opening ca. 3 hours after sunrise, wilting by early afternoon;

perianth white, salverform, tube 5–10 mm, limbs zygomorphic, lobes narrowly elliptic, 3–6.5 mm, distal central lobe with yellow or green region at base, sometimes with distal brown spot;

stamens unequal, lateral stamens 0.9–2.2 mm, filaments linear, pubescent with white multicellular hairs toward apex;

central stamen 2.2–4.7 mm, filament sparsely pubescent with multicellular hairs;

style pubescent with multicellular hairs.

individuals open 1 day only;

perianth with tepals connate 1/2 or more of its length, yellow, blue-mauve, mauve, or white, tubular or salverform, limb lobes linear to oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, shorter than 2 cm, apex obtuse to acuminate;

stamens 3, unequal, 2 lateral ones usually shorter;

filaments yellow or purple, inflated in some species, glabrous, glandular-pubescent, or pilose;

anthers yellow or purple, rounded, oblong, or sagittate;

ovary incompletely 3-locular;

ovules 10–many;

style 3-lobed.

capsular, elongate.

8–14-winged, 0.5–0.9 × 0.3–0.5 mm.

10–200, ovoid, testa with longitudinal wings.

leaves forming basal rosette, blade linear to oblanceolate, thin, 2.4–3.7 cm × 3–8 mm.

leaves submersed, forming basal rosette, or emersed on elongate stem;

blade linear or sometimes oblanceolate, apex acuminate to obtuse.

leaves floating or emersed;

stipule 1–5 cm;

petiole 2–13 cm;

blade reniform, 1–4 × 1–5 cm, length equal to or less than width, apex obtuse.

leaves floating or emersed;

blade reniform, cordate, or oblong, membranous, apex acute to obtuse.

= 48.