Hesperolinon spergulinum |
Linaceae |
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slender dwarf-flax, slender western flax, slender western or dwarf flax |
flax family |
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Habit | Herbs, 10–30(–50) cm, glabrous or glabrate; branches from distal nodes, alternate, widely spreading. | Herbs or subshrubs [shrubs, trees, vines], annual, biennial, or perennial. | ||||||||||||
Leaves | alternate; stipular glands absent or minute; blade linear or narrowly oblong, 10–35 × 0.5–2(–2.5) mm, base flat, not clasping, margins without stalked glands. |
alternate, opposite, or whorled, simple; stipules absent or present as small, dark, spheric glands; petiole usually absent, rarely present; blade margins entire, serrate, or denticulate; venation pinnate. |
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Inflorescences | cymes monochasial (helicoid), open, internodes long, flowers widely scattered; bract margins without prominent glands. |
terminal, racemes, panicles, or cymes (rarely thyrses or corymbs in Linum) [spikes]. |
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Pedicels | 5–15(–25) mm, 5–25 mm in fruit, pendent in bud, deflexed at 90° angle, slightly bent at apex. |
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Flowers | sepals erect, not reflexed at tip, ovate, 1.5–2.5(–3.5) mm, equal, margins minutely gland-toothed, surfaces glabrous; petals widely spreading to reflexed, white or pale pink, usually darker-veined, obovate, 4–7 mm, apex obtuse; cup white, rim petal attachments in indentations; stamens exserted; filaments (3–)4–5(–7) mm; anthers pink to red-purple, white-margined, dehisced anthers 1.2–2 mm; ovary chambers 6; styles 3, white, 3.5–7 mm, exserted. |
bisexual; perianth and androecium hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–5, connate basally [distinct]; petals 4–5, distinct or coherent basally, imbricate or convolute, bases sometimes with appendages; nectary extrastaminal; stamens 4–5 [10], connate basally, filament tube and petal bases adherent or adnate [free]; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, 2–5-carpellate, ovary superior, 4–5-locular, placentation axile or apical-axile; ovules 2 per locule, anatropous; styles 2–5, distinct or partly connate; stigmas 2–5. |
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Fruits | capsules, dehiscence septicidal, or indehiscent or schizocarps breaking into 4 nutlets (Sclerolinon). |
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Seeds | 2 per locule, seed coat often mucilaginous. |
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2n | = 36. |
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Hesperolinon spergulinum |
Linaceae |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Chaparral or woodland margins, serpentine soils. | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 100–1000 m. (300–3300 ft.) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA
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North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda; Eurasia; Africa; Atlantic Islands; Pacific Islands; Australia |
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Discussion | Hesperolinon spergulinum occurs in the central and southern North Coast Ranges; there are historical reports from Santa Clara County. The pendent buds, a result of the deflexed and sometimes downward-curved pedicel, and the relatively long styles and stamens are distinctive. The petal appendages are relatively well developed in H. spergulinum; the ligule may be as large as 1 mm and hairy. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genera 10–14, species ca. 260 (4 genera, 52 species in the flora). Two subfamilies are generally recognized in Linaceae, the mostly herbaceous, temperate Linoideae Arnott (8 genera, ca. 240 species), in which all the genera in the flora area are placed, and the woody, mostly tropical Hugonoideae Reveal. Based on molecular phylogenetic analysis, J. R. McDill et al. (2009) concluded that Linaceae is a monophyletic group, as is Linoideae. According to J. R. McDill (2009), Cliococca Babington, Hesperolinon, and Sclerolinon are nested within Linum sect. Linopsis, and collectively these are sister to Radiola; Hesperolinon and Sclerolinon are most closely related to Mexican and Central American species of Linum. McDill et al. (2009) noted that the relationships within this clade are not well-enough resolved or supported to warrant nomenclatural changes; McDill (2009) came to the same conclusion based on a much wider sample of species. The current generic circumscriptions are maintained here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 398. | FNA vol. 12, p. 371. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Linaceae > Hesperolinon | |||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Linum spergulinum | |||||||||||||
Name authority | (A. Gray) Small: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 25: 86. (1907) | de Candolle ex Perleb | ||||||||||||
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