Helianthus silphioides |
Helianthus porteri |
|
---|---|---|
Ozark sunflower, rosinweed sunflower |
confederate daisy, Porter's sunflower |
|
Habit | Perennials, 50–300 cm (with crown buds; nonflowering stems usually present). | Annuals, 40–100 cm. |
Stems | erect, hispid to strigoso-hispid proximally, glabrate distally. |
erect, usually sparsely strigose, sometimes hispid as well. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; mostly opposite; petioles 0.1–5.5 cm; blades ovate to broadly ovate or suborbiculate, 7–15 × 4.5–15 cm, bases rounded to truncate or ± cuneate, margins entire or crenate to serrate, abaxial faces usually scabrous, sometimes ± strigose (hairs on midribs to 1 mm), not gland-dotted (cauline 9+ pairs proximal to heads, smaller). |
mostly cauline; opposite (proximal) or alternate; petioles 0–0.2 cm; blades (± 3-nerved distal to bases) narrowly lanceolate to linear, 5–11.5 × 0.15–1 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire (often ± ciliate proximally), faces sparsely strigose or scabrous to glabrate, sparsely gland-dotted. |
Peduncles | 0.5–10 cm. |
1–10 cm. |
Involucres | hemispheric, 10–20 mm diam. |
hemispheric, 5–6 mm diam. |
Ray florets | 8–13; laminae 15–20 mm (abaxial faces not gland-dotted). |
7–8; laminae (10–)15–20 mm. |
Disc florets | 75+; corollas 6–7 mm, lobes reddish; anthers dark, appendages dark (style branches yellow). |
30+; corollas 2.8–3.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark, appendages dark. |
Phyllaries | 16–23, oblong to obovate, 8–10 × 3–5 mm, (margins ciliolate) apices obtuse to acute, sometimes mucronate, abaxial faces glabrous or glabrate. |
11–17, linear, 5.5–8 × 0.8–1.3 mm (margins sparsely hispido-ciliate, hairs 0.5–1.2 mm), apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces glabrate, not gland-dotted. |
Heads | 3–15+. |
usually 5+. |
Cypselae | 3–4 mm, glabrous or distally puberulent; pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–2.7 mm. |
2.2–2.3 mm, sparsely puberulent (bases and apices); pappi 0. |
Paleae | 9–10 mm, entire or ± 3-toothed. |
(ovate) 3.5–4.6 mm, entire (1-toothed). |
2n | = 34. |
= 34. |
Helianthus silphioides |
Helianthus porteri |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–early fall. | Flowering fall. |
Habitat | Open sites | Granite outcrops |
Elevation | 100–300 m (300–1000 ft) | 200–500+ m (700–1600+ ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; IL; KY; LA; MO; MS; OK; TN
|
AL; GA; NC; SC
|
Discussion | Similar to Helianthus atrorubens, H. silphioides is distinguished by shorter hairs (less than 2 mm) on stems proximally and on abaxial leaf midveins, and by petioles of basal leaves less than 1/2 lengths of blades and winged less than 1/2 their lengths. As befits the name, specimens of H. silphioides (and also H. atrorubens) are not infrequently misidentified as species of Silphium. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Helianthus porteri was established at Rocky Face Mountain, North Carolina, following its introduction as part of an ecologic experiment. Where it occurs, H. porteri produces conspicuous massed floral displays when in bloom. It is remarkably similar morphologically in its reduced habit, epappose cypselae, conic receptacles, and unlobed, mucronate pales to Heliomeris (Viguiera sect. Heliomeris), and it is treated under Viguiera in most southeastern United States treatments; its style appendages and chromosome number agree with molecular phylogenetic data in placing it within Helianthus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 157. | FNA vol. 21, p. 148. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. kentuckiensis | Rudbeckia porteri, Heliomeris porteri, Viguiera porteri |
Name authority | Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 366. (1841) | (A. Gray) Pruski: Castanea 63: 75. (1998) |
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