The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

Ozark sunflower, rosinweed sunflower

anomalous sunflower, western sunflower

Habit Perennials, 50–300 cm (with crown buds; nonflowering stems usually present). Annuals, 25–60 cm.
Stems

erect, hispid to strigoso-hispid proximally, glabrate distally.

erect, sparsely hispid.

Leaves

basal and cauline; mostly opposite;

petioles 0.1–5.5 cm;

blades ovate to broadly ovate or suborbiculate, 7–15 × 4.5–15 cm, bases rounded to truncate or ± cuneate, margins entire or crenate to serrate, abaxial faces usually scabrous, sometimes ± strigose (hairs on midribs to 1 mm), not gland-dotted (cauline 9+ pairs proximal to heads, smaller).

mostly cauline; mostly alternate;

petioles 1.2–5 cm;

blades ovate to lance-ovate, 4.5–13 × 1–4 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire, abaxial faces sparsely hispid, not gland-dotted.

Peduncles

0.5–10 cm.

4–9 cm.

Involucres

hemispheric, 10–20 mm diam.

hemispheric, 20–27 mm diam.

Ray florets

8–13;

laminae 15–20 mm (abaxial faces not gland-dotted).

7–12;

laminae 18–37 mm.

Disc florets

75+;

corollas 6–7 mm, lobes reddish;

anthers dark, appendages dark (style branches yellow).

25+;

corollas 6.8–7.5 mm, lobes reddish;

anthers dark, appendages dark (style branches reddish).

Phyllaries

16–23, oblong to obovate, 8–10 × 3–5 mm, (margins ciliolate) apices obtuse to acute, sometimes mucronate, abaxial faces glabrous or glabrate.

11–23, laceolate to lance-linear or lance-ovate, 17–33 × 1–2.9 mm (notably surpassing discs), (margins ± ciliate) apices attenuate, abaxial faces usually sparsely hispid to hispidulous.

Heads

3–15+.

usually borne singly.

Cypselae

3–4 mm, glabrous or distally puberulent;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–2.7 mm.

4.6–9 mm, appressed hairy;

pappi of 2 linear scales 2–4.5 mm plus 4–6 scales 1–3.5 mm.

Paleae

9–10 mm, entire or ± 3-toothed.

7–8 mm, apices 3-toothed (middle teeth attenuate, apices purplish, ± hispid).

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Helianthus silphioides

Helianthus anomalus

Phenology Flowering late summer–early fall. Flowering spring–fall.
Habitat Open sites Sand dunes
Elevation 100–300 m (300–1000 ft) 1300–1500 m (4300–4900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; IL; KY; LA; MO; MS; OK; TN
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; UT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Similar to Helianthus atrorubens, H. silphioides is distinguished by shorter hairs (less than 2 mm) on stems proximally and on abaxial leaf midveins, and by petioles of basal leaves less than 1/2 lengths of blades and winged less than 1/2 their lengths. As befits the name, specimens of H. silphioides (and also H. atrorubens) are not infrequently misidentified as species of Silphium.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

L. H. Rieseberg (1991) provided evidence that Helianthus anomalus is a hybrid species derived from H. annuus and H. petiolaris, and subsequent work has confirmed and extended that hypothesis.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 157. FNA vol. 21, p. 154.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus
Sibling taxa
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
Synonyms H. kentuckiensis
Name authority Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 366. (1841) S. F. Blake: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 21: 333. (1931)
Web links