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resindot sunflower

stiff sunflower

Habit Perennials, 100–300 cm (rhizomatous). Perennials, 50–200 cm (rhizomatous).
Stems

(often reddish or purplish) erect, hirsute or villous.

erect, scabro-hispid.

Leaves

mostly cauline; mostly alternate;

petioles 0.5–2 cm (broadly winged);

blades lanceolate to ovate, 6.5–20 × 3.2–9 cm, bases gradually narrowed (onto petioles), margins entire or serrate, abaxial faces hirsute to tomentose, gland-dotted.

mostly basal; opposite, or opposite (proximal) and alternate;

petioles 0–1 cm;

blades lance-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, or rhombic-ovate to lance-linear, 5–27 × 2–6 cm, bases cuneate, margins serrate to subentire, abaxial faces sparsely hispid, sparsely, if at all, gland-dotted (cauline smaller).

Peduncles

1–3 cm.

3–12 cm.

Involucres

hemispheric, 15–27 mm diam.

hemispheric, 15–23 mm diam.

Ray florets

10–20;

laminae (often light yellow) 18–30 mm.

10–20;

laminae 20–35 mm (abaxial faces usually gland-dotted).

Disc florets

90+;

corollas 8–8.5 mm, lobes yellow;

anthers dark, appendages dark.

75+;

corollas 6.5–7 mm, lobes usually reddish, sometimes yellow;

anthers dark, appendages dark (style branches yellow).

Phyllaries

20–30 (squarrose to reflexed, at least tips), lanceolate, 10–21 × 3–5 mm (notably surpassing discs), apices acute to attenuate, abaxial faces hispid to villous, densely gland-dotted (at least toward apices).

25–35, ovate, 6–10 × 3–5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute, abaxial faces glabrate to hispid.

Heads

1–5.

1–10.

Cypselae

5–7 mm, glabrate;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.4–2.6 mm.

5–6 mm, glabrate;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 4.5–5 mm plus 1–4 smaller aristate scales 0.3–2 mm.

Paleae

9–11 mm, 3-toothed (gland-dotted).

9–10 mm, shallowly 3-toothed to subentire (apices ciliate, hairy).

2n

= 102.

= 102 (subspecies unknown).

Helianthus resinosus

Helianthus pauciflorus

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall.
Habitat Roadsides, open areas
Elevation 0–900+ m (0–3000+ ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; MS; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; CO; CT; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; OK; PA; RI; SD; TX; VA; VT; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Consistent with its epithet, Helianthus resinosus has abundant subsessile glandular hairs (“resin dots”) on its leaves, phyllaries, paleae, and ray laminae. It intergrades and has been reported to hybridize with H. tuberosus. It is cultivated and usually sold under the long-misapplied name H. tomentosus Michaux.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Variation within Helianthus pauciflorus is complex and is complicated by hybridization with H. tuberosus. Hybrids with H. tuberosus are known as H. ×laetiflorus, which is frequently cultivated.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Plants 80–200 cm; leaves usually alternate distally, blades oblong-lanceolate to lance-ovate, 8–27 cm, apices acuminate
subsp. pauciflorus
1. Plants 50–120 cm; leaves opposite, blades rhombic-ovate to lance-linear, 5–12 cm, apices acute or obtuse
subsp. subrhomboideus
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 162. FNA vol. 21, p. 160.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus
Sibling taxa
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
Subordinate taxa
H. pauciflorus subsp. pauciflorus, H. pauciflorus subsp. subrhomboideus
Name authority Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1269, 1340. (1903) Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 177. (1818)
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