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small woodland sunflower, small-head sunflower, woodland sunflower

whiteleaf sunflower

Habit Perennials, 20–200 cm (with crown buds). Perennials, 100–200+ cm (rhizomatous).
Stems

erect, glabrous.

erect, glabrous (glaucous).

Leaves

cauline; opposite or alternate;

petioles 0.3–3 cm;

blades (greenish, at least abaxially, 3-nerved at bases) lanceolate, 7.2–15.5 × 1.3–4 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire or serrate, abaxial faces tomentulose, densely gland-dotted.

mostly cauline; opposite (proximal) or alternate;

petioles 1–3 cm;

blades (light to dark green, abaxially whitish, 3-nerved), lanceolate to lance-ovate, 9–18 × 2.5–7 cm, bases abruptly narrowed, margins serrate, faces glabrous (abaxial) or sparsely scabrous (adaxial), not gland-dotted (abaxial glaucous).

Peduncles

1–3(–8) cm.

0.5–8 cm.

Involucres

cylindric, 5–7 mm diam.

hemispheric, 8–9 mm diam.

Ray florets

5–8;

laminae 10–14 mm.

5–8;

laminae 12–14 mm (abaxial faces not gland-dotted).

Disc florets

15–22;

corollas 4–5.5 mm, lobes yellow;

anthers dark, appendages dark.

20–35;

corollas 5–6 mm, lobes yellow;

anthers dark, appendages dark.

Phyllaries

12–17, lance-linear, 3–6.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acuminate, abaxial faces glabrate, not gland-dotted.

12–15, lanceolate to ovate, 8–9 × 1.8–3 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acuminate.

Heads

(1–)3–15+.

3–15+.

Cypselae

3.5–4.2 mm, glabrous;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 1.5–2.2 mm.

3.5–3.8 mm, glabrous;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 3.2–3.5 mm.

Paleae

5–7 mm, 3-toothed (apices hairy).

6.2–7.5 mm, 3-toothed (apices hairy).

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Helianthus microcephalus

Helianthus glaucophyllus

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall. Flowering late summer–fall.
Habitat Open woodlands, shaded roadsides Mesic woodlands
Elevation 10–900 m (0–3000 ft) 700–1300 m (2300–4300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MS; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
NC; SC; TN
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Helianthus microcephalus is distinguished by its relatively small heads, which have relatively few phyllaries, ray florets, and disc florets, as well as the usually tomentulose abaxial faces of the leaves. Hybrids with H. divaricatus are known.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Helianthus glaucophyllus is found in the southern Blue Ridge Province. It is distinguished from H. microcephalus, with which it shares relatively small heads, by glabrous or sparsely scabrous, glaucous leaves. Its closest relative may be H. decapetalus, which has larger heads and, usually, longer phyllaries.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 163. FNA vol. 21, p. 158.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus
Sibling taxa
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
Name authority Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 329. (1842) D. M. Smith: Brittonia 10: 192, fig. 1. (1958)
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