Helianthus maximiliani |
Helianthus neglectus |
|
---|---|---|
hélianthe de maximilien, Maximilian sunflower, Maximilian's sunflower |
neglected sunflower |
|
Habit | Perennials, 50–300 cm (rhizomatous). | Annuals, 80–200 cm. |
Stems | erect, 5–30 dm, scabrous to scabro-hispidulous. |
erect (leafy), ± hispid to glabrate. |
Leaves | cauline; mostly alternate; petioles 0–2 cm; blades (light green to gray-green, 1-nerved, conduplicate) lanceolate, 10–30 × 2–5.5 cm, bases cuneate, margins usually entire, sometimes serrulate, abaxial faces scabrous to scabro-hispid, gland-dotted. |
cauline; alternate; petioles 7–12 cm; blades deltate-ovate, 7–14 × 7.5–12.3 cm, bases usually ± cordate, sometimes truncate, margins subentire to serrulate, abaxial faces strigose, not gland-dotted. |
Peduncles | 1–11 cm. |
10–40 cm. |
Involucres | hemispheric, 13–28 mm diam. |
± hemispheric, (23–28 ×) 10–14 mm. |
Ray florets | 10–25; laminae (15–)25–40 mm. |
21–31; laminae 29–39 mm. |
Disc florets | 75+; corollas 5–7 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark brown or black; appendages usually yellow, sometimes partly dark. |
150+; corollas 6–6.5 mm, lobes reddish; anthers dark, appendages purplish (style branches reddish). |
Phyllaries | 30–40, lanceolate, 14–20 × 2–3 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute to attenuate, abaxial faces canescent, gland-dotted. |
25–35, lanceolate, 14–25 × 2.3–4 mm (surpassing discs), apices long-attenuate, abaxial faces strigillose to hispid. |
Heads | (1–)3–15 (often in racemiform to spiciform arrays). |
1–5. |
Cypselae | 3–4 mm, glabrate; pappi of 2 aristate scales 3–4.1 mm. |
4–5 mm, strigillose to glabrate; pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.8–3.2 mm. |
Paleae | 7–11 mm, entire or 3-toothed (apices greenish, mucronate, hairy). |
9–10 mm, 3-toothed (middle teeth ± ciliate or bearded, hairs whitish, 0.3–0.6 mm). |
2n | = 34. |
= 34. |
Helianthus maximiliani |
Helianthus neglectus |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Prairies, fields, waste areas | Sandy soils, sand dunes |
Elevation | 0–300(–2100+) m (0–1000(–6900+) ft) | 800–1100 m (2600–3600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; QC; SK; Mexico
|
NM; TX |
Discussion | Helianthus maximiliani is introduced in eastern Ontario and in Quebec. It appears to be native to midcontinental prairie regions and has spread along railroads and highways into all areas of North America. Its wide dispersal may be aided by cultivation for its attractive, showy floral displays. In addition to the usually conduplicate, single-nerved leaves and spikelike arrangement of the heads, it is distinguished by the whitish-canescent indument of the leaves and stems and the long-attenuate phyllaries. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 166. | FNA vol. 21, p. 153. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. dalyi | |
Name authority | Schrader: Index Seminum (Göttingen) 1834: unpaged. (1835) | Heiser: Rhodora 60: 275, fig. 2. (1958) |
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