Helianthus laciniatus |
Helianthus grosseserratus |
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alkali sunflower |
hélianthe à grosses dents, saw-tooth sunflower |
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Habit | Perennials, 50–120(–200) cm. | Perennials, 100–400(–500) cm (rhizomatous). |
Stems | erect, usually strigose or hispid to glabrate. |
erect, glabrous proximally, distally glabrate, scabrellous, or strigillose (glaucous). |
Leaves | cauline; opposite or alternate; sessile; blades (green or grayish, 1- or 3-nerved) lanceolate, 5–9 × 0.5–3.5 cm, bases ± cuneate, margins entire or irregularly toothed to lobed, faces strigose to strumose, gland-dotted (adaxial sometimes glaucous). |
cauline; opposite (proximal) or alternate; petioles (1–)2–5 cm; blades (light to dark green, 3-nerved distal to bases) lanceolate to lance-ovate, 10–32 × (1.2–)4–9 cm, bases cuneate, margins usually coarsely to shallowly serrate, rarely subentire (flat), abaxial faces puberulent to tomentulose, gland-dotted. |
Peduncles | 4–13 cm. |
0.3–10 cm. |
Involucres | hemispheric, 10–24 mm diam. |
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Ray florets | 14–20; laminae ca. 8–11 mm. |
14–20; laminae 23–40 mm. |
Disc florets | 40+; corollas 4.8–5.8 mm, lobes reddish; anthers purplish, appendages reddish (style branches yellow). |
100+; corollas 5–6 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark brown to black, appendages yellow. |
Phyllaries | 16–21, lanceolate, 6–7.5 × 1.8–2.5 mm (often subequal), (margins ciliate) apices acute, abaxial faces hispidulous or strigose to glabrate, gland-dotted. |
25–30 (loose, spreading), lance-linear, 10–14 × 1.5–2.5 mm (subequal), (margins ± ciliate) apices attenuate, abaxial faces glabrous or puberulent, not gland-dotted. |
Heads | 1–9. |
3–15+. |
Cypselae | 2.7–3.5 mm, glabrate; pappi of 2(–3) aristate scales 1.4–2.5 mm. |
3–4 mm, glabrate; pappi of 2 aristate scales 1.9–2.5 mm. |
Paleae | 7–7.8 mm, entire or 3-toothed (apices obtuse to acute, hispid-ciliate to glabrate). |
7–8 mm, entire or 3-toothed (apices acuminate, ± hairy). |
Invo | -lucres broadly hemispheric, 15–25 mm diam. |
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2n | = 34. |
= 34. |
Helianthus laciniatus |
Helianthus grosseserratus |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–fall. | Flowering late summer–fall. |
Habitat | Open, dry, alkaline soils | Dry to wet prairies, other open sites |
Elevation | 1000–1200 m (3300–3900 ft) | 10–300+ m (0–1000+ ft) |
Distribution |
NM; TX; Mexico
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AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SD; TN; TX; VA; WA; WI; WV; ON; QC
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Discussion | Helianthus laciniatus reaches the northern extent of its range in New Mexico and Texas; it is relatively common in the Chihuahuan Desert areas of Mexico. It is similar to H. ciliaris; it usually has hairy stems as well as denser leaf indument that includes a greater number of subsessile, glandular hairs. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Helianthus grosseserratus is native to midwestern North America and has spread as a roadside weed into other areas, such as New England and the southeastern United States. It is introduced in Canada. Hybrids between H. maximiliani and H. grosseserratus are known as H. ×intermedius R. W. Long (R. W. Long 1954; Long 1966). Hybrids of H. grosseserratus with H. salicifolius have been described as H. kellermannii Britton (Long 1955), and those with H. mollis as H. brevifolius E. Watson (R. C. Jackson and A. T. Guard 1957b). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 169. | FNA vol. 21, p. 165. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. crenatus, H. heiseri | H. instabilis |
Name authority | A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 84. (1849) | M. Martens: Index Seminum (Louvain) 1839: unpaged. (1839) |
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