Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus pauciflorus |
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hairy sunflower |
stiff sunflower |
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Habit | Perennials, 100–200 cm (rhizomatous). | Perennials, 50–200 cm (rhizomatous). | ||||
Stems | erect, hirsute. |
erect, scabro-hispid. |
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Leaves | cauline; mostly opposite; petioles 0.4–2 cm; blades (3-nerved from bases) lanceolate to ovate, 6.5–18 × 1–8 cm, bases truncate to broadly rounded or cuneate, margins subentire to serrate (flat), abaxial faces ± hirsute, gland-dotted (adaxial not gland-dotted). |
mostly basal; opposite, or opposite (proximal) and alternate; petioles 0–1 cm; blades lance-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, or rhombic-ovate to lance-linear, 5–27 × 2–6 cm, bases cuneate, margins serrate to subentire, abaxial faces sparsely hispid, sparsely, if at all, gland-dotted (cauline smaller). |
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Peduncles | 1–5 cm. |
3–12 cm. |
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Involucres | hemispheric, 10–25 mm diam. |
hemispheric, 15–23 mm diam. |
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Ray florets | 10–15; laminae 15–20 mm. |
10–20; laminae 20–35 mm (abaxial faces usually gland-dotted). |
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Disc florets | 40+; corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark brown or black, appendages dark or yellowish. |
75+; corollas 6.5–7 mm, lobes usually reddish, sometimes yellow; anthers dark, appendages dark (style branches yellow). |
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Phyllaries | 18–25 (usually loose, spreading, not reflexed), lanceolate, 7–12 × 2.5–3.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate, abaxial faces not gland-dotted. |
25–35, ovate, 6–10 × 3–5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute, abaxial faces glabrate to hispid. |
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Heads | 1–7. |
1–10. |
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Cypselae | 4–4.5 mm, glabrate or distally puberulent; pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–3.2 mm. |
5–6 mm, glabrate; pappi of 2 aristate scales 4.5–5 mm plus 1–4 smaller aristate scales 0.3–2 mm. |
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Paleae | 7–10 mm, 3-toothed (apices yellowish, hairy). |
9–10 mm, shallowly 3-toothed to subentire (apices ciliate, hairy). |
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2n | = 68. |
= 102 (subspecies unknown). |
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Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus pauciflorus |
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Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | |||||
Habitat | Dry, open sites, woodland edges, roadsides | |||||
Elevation | 10–900+ m (0–3000+ ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
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AR; CO; CT; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; OK; PA; RI; SD; TX; VA; VT; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK
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Discussion | Helianthus hirsutus is distinguished from H. strumosus by hairy stems and usually yellow (as opposed to dark) anther appendages, and from H. divaricatus by petioles and leaf blades 3-nerved distal to bases. Mexican plants of H. hirsutus are sometimes labeled with the synonymous H. leptocaulis (S. Watson) S. F. Blake, and plants from Mexico and the southwestern United States often have leaf bases cuneate rather than truncate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Variation within Helianthus pauciflorus is complex and is complicated by hybridization with H. tuberosus. Hybrids with H. tuberosus are known as H. ×laetiflorus, which is frequently cultivated. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 157. | FNA vol. 21, p. 160. | ||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | H. hirsutus var. stenophyllus, H. hirsutus var. trachyphyllus, H. stenophyllus | |||||
Name authority | Rafinesque: Ann. Nat. 1: 14. (1820) | Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 177. (1818) | ||||
Web links |