Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus microcephalus |
|
---|---|---|
hairy sunflower |
small woodland sunflower, small-head sunflower, woodland sunflower |
|
Habit | Perennials, 100–200 cm (rhizomatous). | Perennials, 20–200 cm (with crown buds). |
Stems | erect, hirsute. |
erect, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline; mostly opposite; petioles 0.4–2 cm; blades (3-nerved from bases) lanceolate to ovate, 6.5–18 × 1–8 cm, bases truncate to broadly rounded or cuneate, margins subentire to serrate (flat), abaxial faces ± hirsute, gland-dotted (adaxial not gland-dotted). |
cauline; opposite or alternate; petioles 0.3–3 cm; blades (greenish, at least abaxially, 3-nerved at bases) lanceolate, 7.2–15.5 × 1.3–4 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire or serrate, abaxial faces tomentulose, densely gland-dotted. |
Peduncles | 1–5 cm. |
1–3(–8) cm. |
Involucres | hemispheric, 10–25 mm diam. |
cylindric, 5–7 mm diam. |
Ray florets | 10–15; laminae 15–20 mm. |
5–8; laminae 10–14 mm. |
Disc florets | 40+; corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark brown or black, appendages dark or yellowish. |
15–22; corollas 4–5.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark, appendages dark. |
Phyllaries | 18–25 (usually loose, spreading, not reflexed), lanceolate, 7–12 × 2.5–3.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate, abaxial faces not gland-dotted. |
12–17, lance-linear, 3–6.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acuminate, abaxial faces glabrate, not gland-dotted. |
Heads | 1–7. |
(1–)3–15+. |
Cypselae | 4–4.5 mm, glabrate or distally puberulent; pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–3.2 mm. |
3.5–4.2 mm, glabrous; pappi of 2 aristate scales 1.5–2.2 mm. |
Paleae | 7–10 mm, 3-toothed (apices yellowish, hairy). |
5–7 mm, 3-toothed (apices hairy). |
2n | = 68. |
= 34. |
Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus microcephalus |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | Flowering late summer–fall. |
Habitat | Dry, open sites, woodland edges, roadsides | Open woodlands, shaded roadsides |
Elevation | 10–900+ m (0–3000+ ft) | 10–900 m (0–3000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
|
AL; AR; CT; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MS; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
|
Discussion | Helianthus hirsutus is distinguished from H. strumosus by hairy stems and usually yellow (as opposed to dark) anther appendages, and from H. divaricatus by petioles and leaf blades 3-nerved distal to bases. Mexican plants of H. hirsutus are sometimes labeled with the synonymous H. leptocaulis (S. Watson) S. F. Blake, and plants from Mexico and the southwestern United States often have leaf bases cuneate rather than truncate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Helianthus microcephalus is distinguished by its relatively small heads, which have relatively few phyllaries, ray florets, and disc florets, as well as the usually tomentulose abaxial faces of the leaves. Hybrids with H. divaricatus are known. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 157. | FNA vol. 21, p. 163. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. hirsutus var. stenophyllus, H. hirsutus var. trachyphyllus, H. stenophyllus | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Ann. Nat. 1: 14. (1820) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 329. (1842) |
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