Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus longifolius |
|
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hairy sunflower |
longleaf sunflower |
|
Habit | Perennials, 100–200 cm (rhizomatous). | Perennials, 10–30 cm (with crown buds). |
Stems | erect, hirsute. |
(green or purplish) erect, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline; mostly opposite; petioles 0.4–2 cm; blades (3-nerved from bases) lanceolate to ovate, 6.5–18 × 1–8 cm, bases truncate to broadly rounded or cuneate, margins subentire to serrate (flat), abaxial faces ± hirsute, gland-dotted (adaxial not gland-dotted). |
mostly basal; opposite; petioles 0–1 cm; blades linear to narrowly obovate, 13–30 × 0.7–2 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire or obscurely serrate, faces glabrous, not gland-dotted (cauline smaller). |
Peduncles | 1–5 cm. |
4–11 cm. |
Involucres | hemispheric, 10–25 mm diam. |
hemispheric, 8–12 mm diam. |
Ray florets | 10–15; laminae 15–20 mm. |
8–13; laminae 10–19 mm (abaxial faces not gland-dotted). |
Disc florets | 40+; corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark brown or black, appendages dark or yellowish. |
35+; corollas 4.2–5.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark, appendages dark. |
Phyllaries | 18–25 (usually loose, spreading, not reflexed), lanceolate, 7–12 × 2.5–3.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate, abaxial faces not gland-dotted. |
18–23, linear-linear, 5–11 × 1–2.5 mm, (margins ciliolate) apices ± attenuate, abaxial faces glabrate or glabrous. |
Heads | 1–7. |
3–12. |
Cypselae | 4–4.5 mm, glabrate or distally puberulent; pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–3.2 mm. |
2–3 mm, glabrate; pappi of 2 aristate scales 1.4–2.5 mm. |
Paleae | 7–10 mm, 3-toothed (apices yellowish, hairy). |
6–8 mm, weakly 3-toothed (apices hairy). |
2n | = 68. |
= 34. |
Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus longifolius |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | Flowering late summer–fall. |
Habitat | Dry, open sites, woodland edges, roadsides | Sandstone and granite outcrop edges |
Elevation | 10–900+ m (0–3000+ ft) | 100–600 m (300–2000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
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AL; GA; NC
|
Discussion | Helianthus hirsutus is distinguished from H. strumosus by hairy stems and usually yellow (as opposed to dark) anther appendages, and from H. divaricatus by petioles and leaf blades 3-nerved distal to bases. Mexican plants of H. hirsutus are sometimes labeled with the synonymous H. leptocaulis (S. Watson) S. F. Blake, and plants from Mexico and the southwestern United States often have leaf bases cuneate rather than truncate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Helianthus longifolius is locally escaped from a planting in one county in North Carolina. It is locally abundant where it occurs. It is not similar to or closely related to any other species; natural hybrids of H. longifolius with H. atrorubens and H. occidentalis are known. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 157. | FNA vol. 21, p. 156. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. hirsutus var. stenophyllus, H. hirsutus var. trachyphyllus, H. stenophyllus | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Ann. Nat. 1: 14. (1820) | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 571. (1813) |
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