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hairy sunflower

longleaf sunflower

Habit Perennials, 100–200 cm (rhizomatous). Perennials, 10–30 cm (with crown buds).
Stems

erect, hirsute.

(green or purplish) erect, glabrous.

Leaves

cauline; mostly opposite;

petioles 0.4–2 cm;

blades (3-nerved from bases) lanceolate to ovate, 6.5–18 × 1–8 cm, bases truncate to broadly rounded or cuneate, margins subentire to serrate (flat), abaxial faces ± hirsute, gland-dotted (adaxial not gland-dotted).

mostly basal; opposite;

petioles 0–1 cm;

blades linear to narrowly obovate, 13–30 × 0.7–2 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire or obscurely serrate, faces glabrous, not gland-dotted (cauline smaller).

Peduncles

1–5 cm.

4–11 cm.

Involucres

hemispheric, 10–25 mm diam.

hemispheric, 8–12 mm diam.

Ray florets

10–15;

laminae 15–20 mm.

8–13;

laminae 10–19 mm (abaxial faces not gland-dotted).

Disc florets

40+;

corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes yellow;

anthers dark brown or black, appendages dark or yellowish.

35+;

corollas 4.2–5.5 mm, lobes yellow;

anthers dark, appendages dark.

Phyllaries

18–25 (usually loose, spreading, not reflexed), lanceolate, 7–12 × 2.5–3.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate, abaxial faces not gland-dotted.

18–23, linear-linear, 5–11 × 1–2.5 mm, (margins ciliolate) apices ± attenuate, abaxial faces glabrate or glabrous.

Heads

1–7.

3–12.

Cypselae

4–4.5 mm, glabrate or distally puberulent;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–3.2 mm.

2–3 mm, glabrate;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 1.4–2.5 mm.

Paleae

7–10 mm, 3-toothed (apices yellowish, hairy).

6–8 mm, weakly 3-toothed (apices hairy).

2n

= 68.

= 34.

Helianthus hirsutus

Helianthus longifolius

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall. Flowering late summer–fall.
Habitat Dry, open sites, woodland edges, roadsides Sandstone and granite outcrop edges
Elevation 10–900+ m (0–3000+ ft) 100–600 m (300–2000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
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from FNA
AL; GA; NC
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Helianthus hirsutus is distinguished from H. strumosus by hairy stems and usually yellow (as opposed to dark) anther appendages, and from H. divaricatus by petioles and leaf blades 3-nerved distal to bases. Mexican plants of H. hirsutus are sometimes labeled with the synonymous H. leptocaulis (S. Watson) S. F. Blake, and plants from Mexico and the southwestern United States often have leaf bases cuneate rather than truncate.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Helianthus longifolius is locally escaped from a planting in one county in North Carolina. It is locally abundant where it occurs. It is not similar to or closely related to any other species; natural hybrids of H. longifolius with H. atrorubens and H. occidentalis are known.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 157. FNA vol. 21, p. 156.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus
Sibling taxa
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
Synonyms H. hirsutus var. stenophyllus, H. hirsutus var. trachyphyllus, H. stenophyllus
Name authority Rafinesque: Ann. Nat. 1: 14. (1820) Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 571. (1813)
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