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hairy sunflower

Helianthus cusickii

Cusick's sunflower, turnip-root sunflower

Habit Perennials, 100–200 cm (rhizomatous). Perennials, 60–120 cm (taproots stout, parsniplike).
Stems

erect, hirsute.

erect to prostrate, glabrous or glabrate.

Leaves

cauline; mostly opposite;

petioles 0.4–2 cm;

blades (3-nerved from bases) lanceolate to ovate, 6.5–18 × 1–8 cm, bases truncate to broadly rounded or cuneate, margins subentire to serrate (flat), abaxial faces ± hirsute, gland-dotted (adaxial not gland-dotted).

cauline; mostly opposite, petioles 0–1 cm;

blades (light to dark green, 3-nerved at bases) lance-linear to lanceolate, 5–15 × 0.5–2.5 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire, abaxial faces glabrous or scabro-hispid, gland-dotted.

Peduncles

1–5 cm.

2–10 cm.

Involucres

hemispheric, 10–25 mm diam.

hemispheric, 12–28 mm diam.

Ray florets

10–15;

laminae 15–20 mm.

12–16;

laminae 20–35 mm (abaxial faces gland-dotted).

Disc florets

40+;

corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes yellow;

anthers dark brown or black, appendages dark or yellowish.

40+;

corollas 6.5–7.5 mm, lobes yellow;

anthers usually dull orange or orange-brown, sometimes yellowish, appendages dull orange to yellowish.

Phyllaries

18–25 (usually loose, spreading, not reflexed), lanceolate, 7–12 × 2.5–3.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate, abaxial faces not gland-dotted.

12–18, lanceolate, 11–18 × 1.5–3 mm, apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces gland-dotted.

Heads

1–7.

1–3.

Cypselae

4–4.5 mm, glabrate or distally puberulent;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–3.2 mm.

4–5 mm, glabrate;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 3–4.2 mm.

Paleae

7–10 mm, 3-toothed (apices yellowish, hairy).

(lanceolate) 9–13 mm, subentire or 3-toothed (apices sparsely hairy, sometimes gland-dotted).

2n

= 68.

= 34.

Helianthus hirsutus

Helianthus cusickii

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall. Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat Dry, open sites, woodland edges, roadsides Dry slopes, open woods
Elevation 10–900+ m (0–3000+ ft) 600–2000 m (2000–6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
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from FNA
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
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Discussion

Helianthus hirsutus is distinguished from H. strumosus by hairy stems and usually yellow (as opposed to dark) anther appendages, and from H. divaricatus by petioles and leaf blades 3-nerved distal to bases. Mexican plants of H. hirsutus are sometimes labeled with the synonymous H. leptocaulis (S. Watson) S. F. Blake, and plants from Mexico and the southwestern United States often have leaf bases cuneate rather than truncate.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 157. FNA vol. 21, p. 168.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus
Sibling taxa
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
Synonyms H. hirsutus var. stenophyllus, H. hirsutus var. trachyphyllus, H. stenophyllus
Name authority Rafinesque: Ann. Nat. 1: 14. (1820) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 413. (1886)
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