Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus cusickii |
|
---|---|---|
hairy sunflower |
Cusick's sunflower, turnip-root sunflower |
|
Habit | Perennials, 100–200 cm (rhizomatous). | Perennials, 60–120 cm (taproots stout, parsniplike). |
Stems | erect, hirsute. |
erect to prostrate, glabrous or glabrate. |
Leaves | cauline; mostly opposite; petioles 0.4–2 cm; blades (3-nerved from bases) lanceolate to ovate, 6.5–18 × 1–8 cm, bases truncate to broadly rounded or cuneate, margins subentire to serrate (flat), abaxial faces ± hirsute, gland-dotted (adaxial not gland-dotted). |
cauline; mostly opposite, petioles 0–1 cm; blades (light to dark green, 3-nerved at bases) lance-linear to lanceolate, 5–15 × 0.5–2.5 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire, abaxial faces glabrous or scabro-hispid, gland-dotted. |
Peduncles | 1–5 cm. |
2–10 cm. |
Involucres | hemispheric, 10–25 mm diam. |
hemispheric, 12–28 mm diam. |
Ray florets | 10–15; laminae 15–20 mm. |
12–16; laminae 20–35 mm (abaxial faces gland-dotted). |
Disc florets | 40+; corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark brown or black, appendages dark or yellowish. |
40+; corollas 6.5–7.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers usually dull orange or orange-brown, sometimes yellowish, appendages dull orange to yellowish. |
Phyllaries | 18–25 (usually loose, spreading, not reflexed), lanceolate, 7–12 × 2.5–3.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate, abaxial faces not gland-dotted. |
12–18, lanceolate, 11–18 × 1.5–3 mm, apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces gland-dotted. |
Heads | 1–7. |
1–3. |
Cypselae | 4–4.5 mm, glabrate or distally puberulent; pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–3.2 mm. |
4–5 mm, glabrate; pappi of 2 aristate scales 3–4.2 mm. |
Paleae | 7–10 mm, 3-toothed (apices yellowish, hairy). |
(lanceolate) 9–13 mm, subentire or 3-toothed (apices sparsely hairy, sometimes gland-dotted). |
2n | = 68. |
= 34. |
Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus cusickii |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Dry, open sites, woodland edges, roadsides | Dry slopes, open woods |
Elevation | 10–900+ m (0–3000+ ft) | 600–2000 m (2000–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
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CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
|
Discussion | Helianthus hirsutus is distinguished from H. strumosus by hairy stems and usually yellow (as opposed to dark) anther appendages, and from H. divaricatus by petioles and leaf blades 3-nerved distal to bases. Mexican plants of H. hirsutus are sometimes labeled with the synonymous H. leptocaulis (S. Watson) S. F. Blake, and plants from Mexico and the southwestern United States often have leaf bases cuneate rather than truncate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 157. | FNA vol. 21, p. 168. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. hirsutus var. stenophyllus, H. hirsutus var. trachyphyllus, H. stenophyllus | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Ann. Nat. 1: 14. (1820) | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 413. (1886) |
Web links |