Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus argophyllus |
|
---|---|---|
hairy sunflower |
silverleaf sunflower |
|
Habit | Perennials, 100–200 cm (rhizomatous). | Annuals, 100–300 cm. |
Stems | erect, hirsute. |
(silvery white) erect, usually tomentose or floccose. |
Leaves | cauline; mostly opposite; petioles 0.4–2 cm; blades (3-nerved from bases) lanceolate to ovate, 6.5–18 × 1–8 cm, bases truncate to broadly rounded or cuneate, margins subentire to serrate (flat), abaxial faces ± hirsute, gland-dotted (adaxial not gland-dotted). |
mostly cauline; mostly alternate; petioles 2–10 cm; blades ovate to lance-ovate, 15–25 × 10–20 cm, bases truncate to subcordate, margins entire or serrulate, abaxial faces usually floccose, sericeous, or tomentose, gland-dotted. |
Peduncles | 1–5 cm. |
2–8 cm. |
Involucres | hemispheric, 10–25 mm diam. |
hemispheric, 20–30 mm diam. |
Ray florets | 10–15; laminae 15–20 mm. |
15–20; laminae 20–30 mm. |
Disc florets | 40+; corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark brown or black, appendages dark or yellowish. |
150+; corollas 6.5–7.5 mm, lobes reddish; anthers dark, appendages dark (style branches reddish). |
Phyllaries | 18–25 (usually loose, spreading, not reflexed), lanceolate, 7–12 × 2.5–3.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate, abaxial faces not gland-dotted. |
20–35, ovate to lance-ovate, 15–18 × (2–)5–8 mm, apices long-attenuate, abaxial faces usually densely white-villous, gland-dotted. |
Heads | 1–7. |
1–5. |
Cypselae | 4–4.5 mm, glabrate or distally puberulent; pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–3.2 mm. |
4–6 mm, glabrate; pappi of 2 aristate scales 2–2.7 mm. |
Paleae | 7–10 mm, 3-toothed (apices yellowish, hairy). |
10–11 mm, 3-toothed (apices glabrous or sparsely villous). |
2n | = 68. |
= 34. |
Helianthus hirsutus |
Helianthus argophyllus |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | Flowering late summer–fall. |
Habitat | Dry, open sites, woodland edges, roadsides | Open areas, sandy soils |
Elevation | 10–900+ m (0–3000+ ft) | 0–30+ m (0–100+ ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
|
FL; NC; TX [Introduced in South America (Argentina), Africa, Australia] |
Discussion | Helianthus hirsutus is distinguished from H. strumosus by hairy stems and usually yellow (as opposed to dark) anther appendages, and from H. divaricatus by petioles and leaf blades 3-nerved distal to bases. Mexican plants of H. hirsutus are sometimes labeled with the synonymous H. leptocaulis (S. Watson) S. F. Blake, and plants from Mexico and the southwestern United States often have leaf bases cuneate rather than truncate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Helianthus argophyllus hybridizes naturally with H. annuus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 157. | FNA vol. 21, p. 149. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. hirsutus var. stenophyllus, H. hirsutus var. trachyphyllus, H. stenophyllus | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Ann. Nat. 1: 14. (1820) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 318. (1842) |
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