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hairy sunflower

silverleaf sunflower

Habit Perennials, 100–200 cm (rhizomatous). Annuals, 100–300 cm.
Stems

erect, hirsute.

(silvery white) erect, usually tomentose or floccose.

Leaves

cauline; mostly opposite;

petioles 0.4–2 cm;

blades (3-nerved from bases) lanceolate to ovate, 6.5–18 × 1–8 cm, bases truncate to broadly rounded or cuneate, margins subentire to serrate (flat), abaxial faces ± hirsute, gland-dotted (adaxial not gland-dotted).

mostly cauline; mostly alternate;

petioles 2–10 cm;

blades ovate to lance-ovate, 15–25 × 10–20 cm, bases truncate to subcordate, margins entire or serrulate, abaxial faces usually floccose, sericeous, or tomentose, gland-dotted.

Peduncles

1–5 cm.

2–8 cm.

Involucres

hemispheric, 10–25 mm diam.

hemispheric, 20–30 mm diam.

Ray florets

10–15;

laminae 15–20 mm.

15–20;

laminae 20–30 mm.

Disc florets

40+;

corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes yellow;

anthers dark brown or black, appendages dark or yellowish.

150+;

corollas 6.5–7.5 mm, lobes reddish;

anthers dark, appendages dark (style branches reddish).

Phyllaries

18–25 (usually loose, spreading, not reflexed), lanceolate, 7–12 × 2.5–3.5 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate, abaxial faces not gland-dotted.

20–35, ovate to lance-ovate, 15–18 × (2–)5–8 mm, apices long-attenuate, abaxial faces usually densely white-villous, gland-dotted.

Heads

1–7.

1–5.

Cypselae

4–4.5 mm, glabrate or distally puberulent;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–3.2 mm.

4–6 mm, glabrate;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 2–2.7 mm.

Paleae

7–10 mm, 3-toothed (apices yellowish, hairy).

10–11 mm, 3-toothed (apices glabrous or sparsely villous).

2n

= 68.

= 34.

Helianthus hirsutus

Helianthus argophyllus

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall. Flowering late summer–fall.
Habitat Dry, open sites, woodland edges, roadsides Open areas, sandy soils
Elevation 10–900+ m (0–3000+ ft) 0–30+ m (0–100+ ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; NC; TX [Introduced in South America (Argentina), Africa, Australia]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Helianthus hirsutus is distinguished from H. strumosus by hairy stems and usually yellow (as opposed to dark) anther appendages, and from H. divaricatus by petioles and leaf blades 3-nerved distal to bases. Mexican plants of H. hirsutus are sometimes labeled with the synonymous H. leptocaulis (S. Watson) S. F. Blake, and plants from Mexico and the southwestern United States often have leaf bases cuneate rather than truncate.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Helianthus argophyllus hybridizes naturally with H. annuus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 157. FNA vol. 21, p. 149.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus
Sibling taxa
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
Synonyms H. hirsutus var. stenophyllus, H. hirsutus var. trachyphyllus, H. stenophyllus
Name authority Rafinesque: Ann. Nat. 1: 14. (1820) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 2: 318. (1842)
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