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variableleaf sunflower, wetland sunflower

slender sunflower

Habit Perennials, 50–120 cm (with crown buds). Perennials, 60–200 cm (taprooted).
Stems

erect, usually hispid to ± hirsute.

(reddish or purplish) erect, hairy.

Leaves

mostly basal; mostly opposite;

petioles 0–3 cm (broadly winged);

blades (3-nerved distal to bases) ovate or lanceolate to spatulate, 6–28 × 1.2–4.3 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire (often revolute), abaxial faces hispid to ± hirsute, not gland-dotted (cauline leaves relatively few, narrowly lanceolate to linear, much smaller).

cauline; all or mostly opposite;

petioles 0–3 cm;

blades (1- or 3-nerved) lanceolate to lance-ovate, 5–11 × 2–3.5 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire or serrate, abaxial faces hispid, gland-dotted.

Peduncles

10–15 cm.

2.5–30 cm.

Involucres

broadly hemispheric, 15–25 mm diam.

hemispheric, 13–20 mm diam.

Ray florets

12–18;

laminae 14–36 mm (abaxial faces not gland-dotted).

13–21;

laminae 15–25 mm (abaxial faces gland-dotted).

Disc florets

100+;

corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes reddish;

anthers purplish, apendages purplish (style branches usually reddish).

50+;

corollas 5–6 mm, lobes reddish;

anthers reddish brown, appendages yellow or dull orange (style branches yellow).

Phyllaries

24–30, lanceolate to lance-ovate, 8–13 × 2–5 mm, (margins sometimes ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate or acuminate, abaxial faces sparsely hispid to glabrate.

20–25, lanceolate, 4–8 × 1.5–3 mm, (margins ciliate) apices acute, abaxial faces hispidulous, gland-dotted.

Heads

1–3(–5).

1–5.

Cypselae

4–5 mm, glabrate;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 1.7–2.5 mm plus 1–3 deltate scales 0.5–1.5 mm.

3–4 mm, glabrate;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 2.5–3 mm.

Paleae

7–9 mm, 3-toothed (apices purplish).

8–9 mm, subentire to weakly 3-toothed (apices acute, ciliate, gland-dotted).

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Helianthus heterophyllus

Helianthus gracilentus

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall. Flowering late spring–fall.
Habitat Wet sandy soils Dry slopes
Elevation 0–50+ m (0–200+ ft) 0–1800 m (0–5900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Helianthus heterophyllus is found on the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains. The cauline leaves are usually abruptly reduced relative to the basal leaves; individuals sometimes have relatively large cauline leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 155. FNA vol. 21, p. 168.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus
Sibling taxa
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
Synonyms H. elongatus
Name authority Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 74. (1834) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 77. (1876)
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