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variableleaf sunflower, wetland sunflower

lakeside sunflower

Habit Perennials, 50–120 cm (with crown buds). Perennials, 10–60 cm, (with crown buds).
Stems

erect, usually hispid to ± hirsute.

erect, (unbranched) glabrous, eglandular.

Leaves

mostly basal; mostly opposite;

petioles 0–3 cm (broadly winged);

blades (3-nerved distal to bases) ovate or lanceolate to spatulate, 6–28 × 1.2–4.3 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire (often revolute), abaxial faces hispid to ± hirsute, not gland-dotted (cauline leaves relatively few, narrowly lanceolate to linear, much smaller).

mostly basal; opposite (proximal) or alternate;

petioles obscure (intergrading with blades);

blades lanceolate to lance-linear or linear, 10–25 × 0.5–1.5 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire, faces glabrous, not gland-dotted (cauline 1–5 pairs, smaller).

Peduncles

10–15 cm.

5–10 cm.

Involucres

broadly hemispheric, 15–25 mm diam.

broadly hemispheric, 17–25 mm diam.

Ray florets

12–18;

laminae 14–36 mm (abaxial faces not gland-dotted).

12–17;

laminae 20–40 mm, (abaxial faces not gland-dotted).

Disc florets

100+;

corollas 5.5–6.5 mm, lobes reddish;

anthers purplish, apendages purplish (style branches usually reddish).

100+;

corollas 6–6.5 mm, lobes yellow;

anthers dark, appendages yellowish or dark.

Phyllaries

24–30, lanceolate to lance-ovate, 8–13 × 2–5 mm, (margins sometimes ciliate) apices acute to short-acuminate or acuminate, abaxial faces sparsely hispid to glabrate.

(green with purple veins) 25–30, ovate to lance-ovate, 8–16 × 3–5 mm, apices acuminate, abaxial faces usually glabrous, sometimes puberulent.

Heads

1–3(–5).

1(–3).

Cypselae

4–5 mm, glabrate;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 1.7–2.5 mm plus 1–3 deltate scales 0.5–1.5 mm.

3 mm, glabrous;

pappi of 2 aristate scales 1.5–2 mm plus 2–4 erose scales 0.3–0.6 mm.

Paleae

7–9 mm, 3-toothed (apices purplish).

8–9 mm, 3-toothed (middle teeth long-acuminate).

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Helianthus heterophyllus

Helianthus carnosus

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall. Flowering early–late summer.
Habitat Wet sandy soils Wet prairies, flatwoods
Elevation 0–50+ m (0–200+ ft) 0–10+ m (0–0+ ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Helianthus heterophyllus is found on the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains. The cauline leaves are usually abruptly reduced relative to the basal leaves; individuals sometimes have relatively large cauline leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Helianthus carnosus is distinctive in morphology and is known from relatively few counties in northeastern Florida.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 155. FNA vol. 21, p. 156.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus
Sibling taxa
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. carnosus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
H. agrestis, H. angustifolius, H. annuus, H. anomalus, H. argophyllus, H. arizonensis, H. atrorubens, H. bolanderi, H. californicus, H. ciliaris, H. cusickii, H. debilis, H. decapetalus, H. deserticola, H. divaricatus, H. eggertii, H. exilis, H. floridanus, H. giganteus, H. glaucophyllus, H. gracilentus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. hirsutus, H. laciniatus, H. laevigatus, H. longifolius, H. maximiliani, H. microcephalus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. nuttallii, H. occidentalis, H. paradoxus, H. pauciflorus, H. petiolaris, H. porteri, H. praecox, H. pumilus, H. radula, H. resinosus, H. salicifolius, H. schweinitzii, H. silphioides, H. simulans, H. smithii, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus, H. verticillatus, H. ×laetiflorus
Synonyms H. elongatus
Name authority Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 74. (1834) Small: Torreya 2: 74. (1902)
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