Helianthus decapetalus |
Helianthus pumilus |
|
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hélianthe à dix rayons, thin-leaf sunflower |
little sunflower |
|
Habit | Perennials, 60–200 cm (rhizomatous). | Perennials, 30–100 cm (taproots slightly thickened). |
Stems | erect, glabrous. |
erect, hispid or strigose. |
Leaves | cauline; opposite (proximal or all) or alternate (distal); petioles (1–)2–5 cm; blades (green, 3-nerved distal to bases) lanceolate to ovate, 7–21 × 4–10 cm, bases rounded to cuneate (often shortly decurrent onto petioles), margins usually serrate (moderately to notably in larger leaves), abaxial faces ± scabro-hispidulous, relatively sparsely gland-dotted. |
cauline; opposite; petioles 0.4–3 cm; blades (ashy green, usually 3-nerved from bases) lanceolate to ovate, 4–15 × 1–5 cm, bases ± cuneate to truncate, margins entire or serrate, faces strigoso-hispid, gland-dotted. |
Peduncles | 2–12 cm (not gland-dotted). |
0.5–5.5 cm. |
Involucres | cylindric, 7–14 mm diam. |
|
Ray florets | 8–12; laminae 20–25 mm. |
8–13; laminae 15–20 mm (abaxial faces gland-dotted). |
Disc florets | 40+; corollas 6.5–7.2 mm, lobes yellow; anthers usually dark brown to black (rarely reddish brown), appendages dark or reddish brown. |
30+: corollas 5–6 mm, lobes yellow; anthers dark brown to black, appendages dark. |
Phyllaries | 20–25 (often reflexed), lance-linear to lanceolate, 11–16 × 2–3 mm (sometimes leaflike, longest surpassing discs by 1/2+ their lengths), (margins ciliate) apices attenuate, abaxial faces strigillose to glabrate, not gland-dotted. |
15–25 (loosely appressed), lanceolate to ovate, 3.5–7.5 × 2–3.5 mm, apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces ± hispid or strigose (hairs whitish), gland-dotted. |
Heads | 3–6(–10). |
1–6. |
Cypselae | 3.5–5 mm; pappi of 2 aristate scales 3–4 mm. |
3–4 mm, sparsely hairy; pappi of 2 aristate scales 4–4.5 mm plus 0–4 deltate scales 0.5–1 mm. |
Invo | -lucres hemispheric, 12–25 mm diam. |
|
Paleae | 8–10 mm, 3-toothed. |
7–8 mm, entire or ± 3-toothed (apices acute to acuminate, hispid). |
2n | = 34, 68. |
= 34. |
Helianthus decapetalus |
Helianthus pumilus |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer–fall. | Flowering late summer. |
Habitat | Mesic to wet woodland edges | Dry, rocky soil in open areas |
Elevation | 10–1200 m (0–3900 ft) | 1200–2700 m (3900–8900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; ON; QC
|
CO; WY
|
Discussion | Helianthus decapetalus is sometimes confused with Heliopsis helianthoides because of shared habitats and superficial similarities. The tetraploid cytotype of H. decapetalus intergrades (and apparently hybridizes) with H. strumosus, particularly in the southern Appalachians; individual specimens can be difficult to place in one or the other species. In addition to morphologic differences, H. decapetalus usually occurs in more mesic habitats, particularly along watercourses; H. strumosus is found in drier sites such as roadside slopes. Helianthus ×multiflorus Linnaeus is a sterile hybrid, often with “doubled” heads (in which disc florets are replaced by ray florets); it is cultivated and is sometimes included within H. decapetalus, e.g., H. decapetalus var. multiflorus (Linnaeus) A. Gray; its parents are H. decapetalus and H. annuus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 158. | FNA vol. 21, p. 168. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Helianthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. trachelifolius | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 905. (1753) | Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 366. (1841) |
Web links |