Flora of North America species comparison

decumbent to erect, glabrous, hirsute, or puberulent.

mostly cauline; mostly alternate;

petioles 1–7 cm;

blades deltate-ovate, lance-ovate, or ovate, 2.5–14 × 1.8–13 cm, bases cordate to truncate or broadly cuneate, margins subentire to serrate, abaxial faces glabrate to hispid, not gland-dotted.

usually mostly cauline, rarely mostly basal; mostly opposite (distal often alternate) or mostly alternate, rarely whorled; petiolate or sessile;

blades (often 3- or 5-nerved) orbiculate or deltate to lanceolate or linear (and intermediate shapes), sometimes lobed, ultimate margins entire or toothed, faces usually hairy (often hispid to scabrellous), often gland-dotted.

9–50 cm.

hemispheric, 10–22 mm diam.

cylindric to hemispheric or rotate.

usually flat or convex, sometimes hemispheric or conic, usually paleate (epaleate in Lagascea; paleae usually falling, sometimes persistent, mostly oblong to linear, often conduplicate, herbaceous to scarious, apices sometimes ± 3-lobed or -toothed; becoming hardened perigynia completely investing cypselae in Sclerocarpus).

11–20;

laminae 12–23 mm.

0 or 5–30(–100+), neuter, or styliferous and sterile;

corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes partly or wholly brown to purple or red-brown to reddish.

30+;

corollas 4.5–5 mm, lobes usually reddish, sometimes yellow;

anthers dark, appendages dark (style branches usually reddish, rarely yellow).

1 (Lagascea) or 10–200(–1000+), bisexual, fertile;

corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes brown to purple or reddish to red-brown, tubes shorter than or about equaling cylindric or funnelform throats, lobes 5, ± deltate (equal);

anther thecae dark or pale;

stigmatic papillae usually continuous.

20–30, lanceolate, 8–17 × 1–3 mm, apices acute to long-attenuate, abaxial faces glabrous or ± hispid, not gland-dotted.

persistent, 4–45(–100+) in 1–6+ series (usually distinct, ± connate in Lagascea, broadly ovate to linear, subequal or unequal).

0.

1–3.

usually radiate, sometimes discoid, borne singly or in corymbiform (paniculiform or racemiform) arrays (glomerules or second-order heads of 1–2-flowered heads in Lagascea).

2.5–3.2 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy;

pappi of 2 lanceolate or lance-linear scales 1.2–2.5 mm.

often ± compressed, flattened, biconvex, clavate, columnar, obovoid, obpyramidal, or prismatic (lengths usually 1–2 times diams.), glabrous or hairy (faces and/or angles);

pappi 0, or (often readily falling or fragile, sometimes persistent) usually of (1–)2(–8+) (sometimes aristate) scales and/or awns, sometimes coroniform.

7.5–8 mm, apices 3-toothed (middle teeth acuminate, usually glabrous or hispid, sometimes ± villous or bearded).