Helenium flexuosum |
Helenium vernale |
|
---|---|---|
hélénie nudiflore, purple sneezeweed, purple-head sneezeweed |
savanna sneezeweed, savannah sneezeweed, spring sneezeweed |
|
Habit | Perennials, 30–100 cm. | Perennials, 30–80 cm. |
Stems | usually 1, usually branched distally, strongly winged, glabrous or sparsely hairy proximally, sparsely to moderately hairy distally. |
usually 1, usually unbranched distally, weakly winged, glabrous proximally, glabrous or sparsely hairy distally. |
Leaves | glabrous or sparsely to moderately hairy; basal blades oblanceolate to obovate or spatulate, entire or serrate; proximal and mid blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, entire or toothed; distal blades lanceolate to lance-linear, entire. |
usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hairy; basal blades obovate to narrowly oblanceolate, usually entire or undulate to undulate-serrate; proximal and mid blades usually narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, usually entire, sometimes toothed; distal blades lance-linear, entire. |
Peduncles | 3–10 cm, sparsely to moderately hairy. |
2–23 cm, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy. |
Involucres | globoid to usually ovoid, 8–17 × 9–17 mm. |
hemispheric, 10–17 × 15–27 mm. |
Ray florets | usually 8–13, neuter, sometimes 0; corollas yellow to reddish brown to red to purple, 10–20 × 5–10 mm. |
13–30, neuter; corollas yellow, 15–21 × 5–10 mm. |
Disc florets | 250–500(–700+); corollas yellow proximally and purple distally or purple throughout, 2.3–3.7 mm, lobes 4(–5). |
150–650(–800+); corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 4.6–6 mm, lobes 5. |
Phyllaries | (connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy. |
glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Heads | (1–)5–50(–80+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays. |
1(–3) per plant, usually borne singly. |
Cypselae | 1–1.2 mm, moderately hairy; pappi of 5–6 entire, aristate scales 0.6–1(–1.7) mm. |
1–1.5 mm, glabrous; pappi of usually 8 entire or lacerate, non-aristate scales 1.5–2 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 34. |
Helenium flexuosum |
Helenium vernale |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Apr–)May–Jul(–Oct). | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Ditches, fields, washes, along streams | Ditches, other moist areas such as wet woods, bogs, and swamp edges |
Elevation | 10–900 m (0–3000 ft) | 10–50 m (0–200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; NS; ON; QC
|
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC
|
Discussion | It has been suggested that Helenium flexuosum may be of hybrid origin from H. campestre (perennial, 2n = 28) and some member of Helenium sect. Tetrodus (H. F. L. Rock 1957). The only member of sect. Tetrodus that has a chromosome number of 2n = 28 is H. linifolium, an annual from southern Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The name Helenium nuttallii A. Gray is illegitimate; it has been applied to plants treated here as H. vernale. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 429. | FNA vol. 21, p. 429. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. nudiflorum | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: New Fl. 4: 81. (1838) | Walter: Fl. Carol., 210. (1788) |
Web links |