Helenium flexuosum |
Helenium quadridentatum |
|
---|---|---|
hélénie nudiflore, purple sneezeweed, purple-head sneezeweed |
longdisk sneezeweed |
|
Habit | Perennials, 30–100 cm. | Annuals, 30–100 cm. |
Stems | usually 1, usually branched distally, strongly winged, glabrous or sparsely hairy proximally, sparsely to moderately hairy distally. |
usually 1, branched distally, moderately to strongly winged, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Leaves | glabrous or sparsely to moderately hairy; basal blades oblanceolate to obovate or spatulate, entire or serrate; proximal and mid blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, entire or toothed; distal blades lanceolate to lance-linear, entire. |
glabrous or sparsely hairy; blades narrowly elliptic to lance-linear, usually entire; proximal blades sometimes pinnately lobed. |
Peduncles | 3–10 cm, sparsely to moderately hairy. |
3–13 cm, sparsely to moderately hairy. |
Involucres | globoid to usually ovoid, 8–17 × 9–17 mm. |
ovoid to conic, 7–11(–14) × 6–11 mm. |
Ray florets | usually 8–13, neuter, sometimes 0; corollas yellow to reddish brown to red to purple, 10–20 × 5–10 mm. |
10–15, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow, 7–12.4 × 4–8.8 mm. |
Disc florets | 250–500(–700+); corollas yellow proximally and purple distally or purple throughout, 2.3–3.7 mm, lobes 4(–5). |
225–500+; corollas yellow proximally, yellow to brown to reddish brown distally, 1.1–1.8 mm, lobes 4. |
Phyllaries | (connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy. |
(connate proximally) sparsely to densely hairy. |
Heads | (1–)5–50(–80+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays. |
5–15(–50+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays. |
Cypselae | 1–1.2 mm, moderately hairy; pappi of 5–6 entire, aristate scales 0.6–1(–1.7) mm. |
0.6–1.2 mm, moderately hairy; pappi of usually 6 entire, non-aristate scales 0.1–0.3 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 26. |
Helenium flexuosum |
Helenium quadridentatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Apr–)May–Jul(–Oct). | Flowering Mar–Jun (year round). |
Habitat | Ditches, fields, washes, along streams | Sandy or clay soils, ditches, around ponds and lakes, along streams |
Elevation | 10–900 m (0–3000 ft) | 0–1800 m (0–5900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; NS; ON; QC
|
AL; LA; MS; PA; TX; Mexico; West Indies (Cuba); Central America (Belize, Guatemala) |
Discussion | It has been suggested that Helenium flexuosum may be of hybrid origin from H. campestre (perennial, 2n = 28) and some member of Helenium sect. Tetrodus (H. F. L. Rock 1957). The only member of sect. Tetrodus that has a chromosome number of 2n = 28 is H. linifolium, an annual from southern Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Helenium quadridentatum is introduced in Pennsylvania. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 429. | FNA vol. 21, p. 434. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. nudiflorum | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: New Fl. 4: 81. (1838) | Labillardière: Actes Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 22, plate 4. (1792) |
Web links |