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Helenium bigelovii

Bigelow's sneezeweed, tall sneezeweed, tall sneezweed

pretty sneezeweed

Habit Perennials, 30–130 cm. Annuals, 20–120 cm.
Stems

1–3(–10), unbranched or sparingly branched distally, weakly to moderately winged, glabrous proximally, glabrous or sparsely hairy distally.

usually 1, branched distally, moderately to strongly winged, glabrous or sparsely to moderately hairy.

Leaves

glabrous or sparsely hairy;

basal blades oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic, entire;

proximal and mid blades lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, entire;

distal blades linear to lanceolate, entire.

glabrous or sparsely hairy (basal withered by flowering);

proximal and mid blades lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, entire, serrate, or irregularly toothed or lobed;

distal blades lanceolate to linear, entire.

Peduncles

(6–)10–30 cm, sparsely to moderately hairy.

2–14 cm, moderately to densely hairy.

Involucres

hemispheric to globoid, 12–20 × (14–)17–22(–25) mm.

globoid, 5–11 × 5–12(–13) mm.

Ray florets

14–20, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow, 13–25 × 5–10(–12) mm.

10–17, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow throughout or red-brown to red proximally and yellow distally, 5.5–15(–19) × 2.2–5.5(–8.7) mm.

Disc florets

250–500(–800+);

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to brown to purple distally, 3–4.4(–4.8) mm, lobes 5.

150–700+;

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to brown to usually reddish brown distally, 1.5–2.3(–2.5) mm, lobes 5.

Phyllaries

(connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy.

(connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy.

Heads

1–20 per plant, borne singly or in paniculiform arrays.

20–200+ per plant, in paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

1.8–2.4 mm, moderately hairy;

pappi of 6–8 entire, aristate scales 1.3–2.2(–2.7) mm.

0.6–1 mm, moderately hairy;

pappi of 6–7 entire, non-aristate scales 0.05–0.3(–0.4) mm.

2n

= 32.

Helenium bigelovii

Helenium elegans

Phenology Flowering (May–)Jul–Aug(–Oct).
Habitat Bogs and swamps, around ponds and lakes, along streams, in moist meadows
Elevation 60–3400 m [200–11200 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; OK; TX; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Proximal leaves usually entire, rarely serrate; involucres 5–8 × 5–8 mm
var. elegans
1. Proximal leaves usually irregularly toothed or lobed; involucres 7–11 × 8–12(–13) mm
var. amphibolum
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 432. Treatment author: Mark W. Bierner. FNA vol. 21, p. 433. Treatment author: Mark W. Bierner.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium
Sibling taxa
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
Subordinate taxa
H. elegans var. amphibolum, H. elegans var. elegans
Name authority Torrey & A. Gray: in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5): 107. (1857) de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 667. (1836)
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