Helenium bigelovii |
Helenium amarum |
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Bigelow's sneezeweed, tall sneezeweed, tall sneezweed |
bitter sneezeweed, fiveleaf sneezeweed, narrow-leaf sneezeweed, sneezeweed, yellow sneezeweed, yellowdicks |
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Habit | Perennials, 30–130 cm. | Annuals, 10–100 cm. | ||||
Stems | 1–3(–10), unbranched or sparingly branched distally, weakly to moderately winged, glabrous proximally, glabrous or sparsely hairy distally. |
1–3(–15), usually branched distally, not winged, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
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Leaves | glabrous or sparsely hairy; basal blades oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic, entire; proximal and mid blades lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, entire; distal blades linear to lanceolate, entire. |
glabrous or sparsely hairy; basal blades linear to ovate, entire or pinnately toothed or lobed to pinnatifid; mid and distal blades linear, entire. |
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Peduncles | (6–)10–30 cm, sparsely to moderately hairy. |
3–11 cm, sparsely hairy. |
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Involucres | hemispheric to globoid, 12–20 × (14–)17–22(–25) mm. |
hemispheric to globose or globoid, 5–9 × 6–10 mm. |
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Ray florets | 14–20, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow, 13–25 × 5–10(–12) mm. |
8–10, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow, 4.5–14 × 2–10 mm. |
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Disc florets | 250–500(–800+); corollas yellow proximally, yellow to brown to purple distally, 3–4.4(–4.8) mm, lobes 5. |
75–250+; corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown or purple distally, 1.6–2.7 × 0.8–1.2 mm, lobes 5. |
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Phyllaries | (connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy. |
moderately to densely hairy. |
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Heads | 1–20 per plant, borne singly or in paniculiform arrays. |
(1–)10–150(–250+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays. |
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Cypselae | 1.8–2.4 mm, moderately hairy; pappi of 6–8 entire, aristate scales 1.3–2.2(–2.7) mm. |
0.7–1.3 mm, moderately to densely hairy; pappi of 6–8 entire, aristate scales 1–1.8 mm. |
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2n | = 32. |
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Helenium bigelovii |
Helenium amarum |
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Phenology | Flowering (May–)Jul–Aug(–Oct). | |||||
Habitat | Bogs and swamps, around ponds and lakes, along streams, in moist meadows | |||||
Elevation | 60–3400 m [200–11200 ft] | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR
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AL; AR; CA; DC; FL; GA; IN; KS; LA; MI; MO; MS; NC; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; n Mexico
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 432. | FNA vol. 21, p. 428. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Gaillardia amara, H. tenuifolium | |||||
Name authority | Torrey & A. Gray: in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5): 107. (1857) | (Rafinesque) H. Rock: Rhodora 59: 131. (1957) | ||||
Web links |