Helenium autumnale |
Helenium vernale |
|
---|---|---|
common sneezeweed, fall sneezeweed, hélénie automnale, large-flower sneezeweed, mountain sneezeweed |
savanna sneezeweed, savannah sneezeweed, spring sneezeweed |
|
Habit | Perennials, 50–130 cm. | Perennials, 30–80 cm. |
Stems | 1(–7), branched distally, strongly winged, sparsely to densely hairy proximally, moderately to densely hairy distally. |
usually 1, usually unbranched distally, weakly winged, glabrous proximally, glabrous or sparsely hairy distally. |
Leaves | usually moderately to densely hairy, sometimes glabrous; basal blades (withered by flowering) lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, entire or weakly lobed; proximal and mid blades obovate to oblanceolate, usually dentate or entire; distal blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, entire or dentate. |
usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hairy; basal blades obovate to narrowly oblanceolate, usually entire or undulate to undulate-serrate; proximal and mid blades usually narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, usually entire, sometimes toothed; distal blades lance-linear, entire. |
Peduncles | 3–10 cm, moderately to densely hairy. |
2–23 cm, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy. |
Involucres | globoid, 8–20 × 8–23 mm. |
hemispheric, 10–17 × 15–27 mm. |
Ray florets | 8–21, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow, 10–23 × 4–10 mm. |
13–30, neuter; corollas yellow, 15–21 × 5–10 mm. |
Disc florets | 200–400(–800+); corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 2.4–4 mm, lobes 5. |
150–650(–800+); corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 4.6–6 mm, lobes 5. |
Phyllaries | (connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy. |
glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Heads | 5–70(–100+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays. |
1(–3) per plant, usually borne singly. |
Cypselae | 1–2 mm, sparsely to moderately hairy; pappi of 5–7 entire, aristate scales (0.5–)0.9–1.5(–1.8) mm. |
1–1.5 mm, glabrous; pappi of usually 8 entire or lacerate, non-aristate scales 1.5–2 mm. |
2n | = 32, 34, 36. |
= 34. |
Helenium autumnale |
Helenium vernale |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Jul–)Aug–Oct(–Nov). | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Roadsides, fields, along streams, ditches, seepage areas, around ponds and lakes | Ditches, other moist areas such as wet woods, bogs, and swamp edges |
Elevation | 20–2600 m (100–8500 ft) | 10–50 m (0–200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK
|
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC
|
Discussion | The name Helenium nuttallii A. Gray is illegitimate; it has been applied to plants treated here as H. vernale. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 431. | FNA vol. 21, p. 429. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. autumnale var. canaliculatum, H. autumnale var. fylesii, H. autumnale var. grandiflorum, H. autumnale var. montanum, H. autumnale var. parviflorum, H. latifolium, H. parviflorum | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 886. (1753) | Walter: Fl. Carol., 210. (1788) |
Web links |
| |