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Helenium autumnale

common sneezeweed, fall sneezeweed, hélénie automnale, large-flower sneezeweed, mountain sneezeweed

Thurber's sneezeweed

Habit Perennials, 50–130 cm. Annuals, 40–100 cm.
Stems

1(–7), branched distally, strongly winged, sparsely to densely hairy proximally, moderately to densely hairy distally.

usually 1, branched distally, moderately winged, sparsely hairy proximally, moderately hairy distally.

Leaves

usually moderately to densely hairy, sometimes glabrous;

basal blades (withered by flowering) lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, entire or weakly lobed;

proximal and mid blades obovate to oblanceolate, usually dentate or entire;

distal blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, entire or dentate.

glabrous or sparsely hairy (basal leaves withered by flowering);

proximal blades lanceolate to lance-linear, usually irregularly laciniate;

mid and distal blades lance-linear, entire.

Peduncles

3–10 cm, moderately to densely hairy.

3–10 cm, moderately hairy.

Involucres

globoid, 8–20 × 8–23 mm.

ovoid to conic, 6–10 × 5–10 mm.

Ray florets

8–21, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow, 10–23 × 4–10 mm.

0.

Disc florets

200–400(–800+);

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 2.4–4 mm, lobes 5.

225–500+;

corollas yellow-green proximally, brown to reddish brown distally, 1–1.3 mm, lobes 4.

Phyllaries

(connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy.

(strongly connate proximally), moderately hairy.

Heads

5–70(–100+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays.

10–75(–120+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

1–2 mm, sparsely to moderately hairy;

pappi of 5–7 entire, aristate scales (0.5–)0.9–1.5(–1.8) mm.

0.9–1.2(–1.5) mm, moderately hairy;

pappi of 6(–7) entire, non-aristate scales 0.2–0.5 mm.

2n

= 32, 34, 36.

= 26.

Helenium autumnale

Helenium thurberi

Phenology Flowering (Jul–)Aug–Oct(–Nov). Flowering (Mar–)May–Jul(–Sep).
Habitat Roadsides, fields, along streams, ditches, seepage areas, around ponds and lakes Ditches, around ponds, along streams, moist fields
Elevation 20–2600 m (100–8500 ft) 30–1600 m (100–5200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK
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from FNA
AZ; Mexico
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[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 431. FNA vol. 21, p. 434.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium
Sibling taxa
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. vernale, H. virginicum
Synonyms H. autumnale var. canaliculatum, H. autumnale var. fylesii, H. autumnale var. grandiflorum, H. autumnale var. montanum, H. autumnale var. parviflorum, H. latifolium, H. parviflorum
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 886. (1753) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 32. (1883)
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